French cultural heritage. unesco world heritage in france

How to save the psyche with two small children and the ubiquitous Chinese :)))

Why China and why now.
Thinking about where to take children to the sea, in the wake of recent events: the terrorist threat in Europe and the Middle East and the sharp fall of the ruble, it was rather unexpectedly decided to go to China. Moreover, at that time there was an Aeroflot campaign for air tickets, and for money, if before China was at least cheap, now it is certainly not expensive.

Flight Moscow - Beijing by Aeroflot.
Here everything went without incident. Our friends took us to Sheremetyevo, from where we flew safely to Beijing.

So we flew...

A TV with cartoons and programs and games was just what we needed...

Some have lunch...
Although it is certainly difficult with children on an airplane, they do not like to sit idle for a long time.
Upon arrival on the Aeroexpress, we got to our hotel - Dragon King Hostel (preliminarily I had to spend about 4 hours at the airport, due to the check-in time at the hotel and the cost of a night transfer to it, but the children had a great sleep)

This is the number we had. Pretty good, in my opinion :)

The hotel can be easily reached by subway (From Zhangzizhong Road subway station (line 5) (exit C) walk to it for 2 minutes, we did not know this, so we had to stray. Initially, I thought that there were not such long distances in China, then cardinally changed my opinion, so just the metro and don’t even think about it)

In general, the place itself is very convenient, there is a store nearby with very cheap prices for China (in the photo below, the most unattractive entrance, where there is a bunch of boxes with goods - all the nearest stores are bought in this store (wholesale from 2 pcs.), Prices are actually an order of magnitude lower ) (not far from the store 7 eleven - like so), there is a bank opposite with a 24-hour ATM (across the road).

Here it is on the second floor (description and photos can be found later in the report)

Day 1. Beijing. Sky Temple...

The scale of the park and buildings is certainly impressive, especially considering when it was all built. In the park you will always see groups of Chinese people who either dance or meditate, someone just walks and enjoys nature (you will never be alone :))))). The following picture somehow opened up to me: a grandmother rides in an electric wheelchair (as for the disabled), reaches the steps, gets up, lifts the wheelchair, sits down and eats further (my jaw even dropped), in general, they take care of themselves :)

Previously, only emperors could enter this temple, and the road to them is long and with a constant slight upward slope, as if you are rising into the sky. It is worth visiting the temple, the architecture and the park area are simply beautiful, I personally had doubts about the originality of the temple itself (but maybe I'm wrong), they arose when examining it very closely :)

In this temple, sacrifices were held (thank God, only animals) for a better harvest or rain, or something else. The interior decoration of the temples are identical.

This is another temple in the same park area. After passing through this temple, only those close to the emperor went further, and only the emperor entered the Temple of Heaven itself (Temple of Heaven in the previous photos)

The main gate of the previous temple. Here our children were held in high esteem, everyone wanted to take pictures with them, especially with the Beehive (blue eyes). Lukyan was amused by such an abundance of attention to him :)

And this is another part of the park area. It’s hard for me to say what she was responsible for, because. It was not enough to peep through the crack, it seems to me that this is something like a barracks.

We didn’t get there, it was already after 18-00, which means everything is closed :)))) In China, if you got up at 12-00, then you were late everywhere :))) For this reason, we didn’t succeed a few days - I slept for a long time, could not get involved in any way :)

And some of our crew move quite comfortably, almost like emperors :)
Thus ended our first day in Beijing, on the way back we still managed to drop into shopping center for souvenirs that we will inflate upon arrival from China (wait...)

For information:
If you exit the central entrance of the park (next to the metro station) and walk to the left for about 30 meters, you can cross the overpass to the other side of the road. Here, go to a large store and buy souvenirs. Do not forget to bargain, immediately lower prices 3-4 times. It’s a very good place to buy souvenirs and a snack (price / quality corresponds), further to other tourist sites of such a choice and such a low price as we did not find here :)
The cost of visiting the park (Temple of Heaven) in 2016 is 34 yuan (I don’t remember if I’m a student or not)

Well, in the evening we had locally produced fruits .... Ripe mango is just super, especially after a hard day for the body.

Day 2. Beijing. Peking Duck
The next day somehow didn’t work out for us, and as a result, for the whole day we were able to see only half of Gugong and eat Peking duck in the evening. The duck itself somehow did not impress, no, of course it is tasty and all that. But the whole essence of it is not so much in the duck, but in the processing of its skin (so that it is crispy and juicy) and sauces while eating it.

This is what our restaurant looked like. We had to wait about ten minutes for a table.

Ulya, as always, showed herself to be a maniac before eating...

And so, Day 3
On this day, we went to what everyone associates with China - the Great Chinese Wall, to a site called Badaling.

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For information:

Student ticket price - 20 yuan (regular price 40 yuan).
In principle, these are all costs (if you are a fairly athletic person), but if youif you don’t want to sweat and go up to the wall (about 30-40 minutes) on foot, then you can ride on a special sled on wheels (it’s hard to name this device correctly).
Moreover, when you go down, you will get a whole bag of positive emotions - a small attraction like this :))) We liked it, the issue price is 100 yuan (round trip) per person. Having also reached the very top of the wall (one of the highest points, you definitely won’t miss this place) you canride (go down) cable car

road, but I would recommend that you save this money for something else, because.you won’t see beautiful views on the cable car anyway, but it costs a lot, and I don’t advise you to miss the attraction (downhill on a sled) - it’s very cool :) As far as I remember, this is an Italian attraction of some shaggy years :)))As elsewhere, it is better to take water and percuss with you, because. prices here will be 2 times higher than usual and no one will bargain with you. When leaving, there is an aviary with bears, and next to it there is a sliced apple on a plate so that you can feed the bear, but not from your hands, of course, but just throw food at him, this pleasure will cost 5 yuan :)Of course, it’s a pity for the bears, it doesn’t seem to me to spend all the time on the concrete floor :)
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The wall itself is certainly impressive, here are a couple of photos to represent the whole scale. Here Lukyan met a group of schoolchildren who, as usual, wanted to take pictures next to him, so it’s not known whether the wall was a landmark or Lukyan, of course he really likes this attention :))))

Of course, there are a lot of people on this section of the wall, but it has several undeniable advantages: accessibility (direct bus), proximity (only an hour drive from Beijing), and of course the fact that it has been restored and looks, of course, impressive (neither vegetation nor the sea, or other features of the relief)

And on such a thing we climbed, and, accordingly, descended (I highly recommend it, especially the descent)

A small attraction for the memory of the wall, there is nothing mego extreme - but it is remembered :) It was fun :)))
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How to get to the wall yourself:

The easiest way is to take the subway to 积水潭 Jishuitan subway station, exit A. When you go upstairs and stand with your back to the subway exit steps, you need to go straight back (I mean direction). As a guide, you will pass a large bus station to your left (as if walking along it). Buses can be seen just outside the Deshengmen Watchtower (not visible from metro)and from there take bus number 877 (tourist bus, it is much more convenient) or 919 (regular bus, only it runs during the non-tourist season) the price of tickets for them is the same.

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In the evening, fruit on duty as usual.

Day 4. Temple of Confucius.
Getting up early in the morning (on the fourth day, and even probably on 3, I somehow got involved in getting up at 6-00) we went to the temple of Confucius, where Confucianism was born, a landmark point (I always wanted to see).

And here is the monument to the founder of Confucianism.

Park area of the Temple complex.

Inner garden. Trees that are more ..., God knows how many centuries these trees have been :))))

Inside the temple itself. The decoration styles in the temples are very similar, so if you have looked at one of the Chinese temples (well, maybe two), then you can no longer waste your time on interior decoration :)

This is the house that Emperor Confucius gave for teaching his son :)

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For information:
The entrance fee for an adult is 20 yuan.
Student valid only for students whose age does not exceed 24 years, we were not lucky, we had 25 years in ISIC written. In general, this rule is quite common in China, so keep this fact in mind.
For inspection, I definitely recommend it, also if you have time nearby there isThe Lama Palace of Peace (Yonghegong Lama Temple), and the quarter itself next to the temples is very interesting.
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Next, we went to Gugong (Forbidden City), but since we had partially examined it the previous day, we went to Jingshan 景山 Park, which is located immediately behind the Forbidden City and from high point which opens the best view of this most forbidden city (in fact, the name of the park sounds like this in Chinese - “view from the mountain” or “mountain with a beautiful view”).

Naturally, the entrance to the park is paid, but we are saved by student international standards made in advance, do not forget that the age in them must be up to 24 years old inclusive. In general, student cards really help to keep your wallet thicker in China, so don’t forget to use it (especially if you look young, I don’t think you need to learn how to make a student card in our homeland).

View of the observation deck from which opens good view to googong.

And here is the culprit himself - Gugun or the Forbidden City, in a different way. The view itself is impressive and the inside is very cool.
Then we went downstairs and decided to walk the googong in reverse order. But as of April 2016, I can say for sure (100%) that the entrance from the back is closed and you can only pass through the forbidden city from one side - the main entrance, next to the metro. Because of this, we had to take a taxi to the main entrance, otherwise we would not have had time to inspect the palace in full (a taxi cost us 20 yuan):)
Well, then just pictures - look and be impressed :)

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For information:
The cost of the entrance ticket to the forbidden city is 40 yuan per person, for students 20 yuan.
In terms of time, calculate somewhere in half a day (it took us a day, but we and the children, and we ourselves were a little stupid at first), i.e. and the Temple of Heaven and Gugong can be seen in one day if you get up early and leave late and if you are athletic enough for a long walk (and you will have to walk really a lot).

Day 5. Amusement park and Summer Imperial Palace.

In general, things didn’t work out for me in Beijing (the reality turned out to be very far from the original plans), for all the days of our stay in the capital of China we went to the Cube water park 3 times, but all these times it was closed and only in On the third trip, I found a Chinese who told me in English that the water park was closed for a whole month - in general, we were somehow unlucky with him :)
By the way, we also went to this amusement park twice, because. it is written on the Internet that it works until 21-00, but in fact it works until 18-00, like everyone else in China :))) Although it seems strange to me for an amusement park, there is of course also Happy Valey it definitely works until 22-00, but many attractions in it close after 18-00, and open only after 13-00 (be careful in general)), but it’s still too early for us, in this we were not allowed to ride everywhere: ) Looking ahead, I’ll say that Disneyland Paris (and this park in Beijing is an attempt to copy a park in Paris) I liked more, somehow everything there is more well-groomed and festive than here :)

We spent about 3,000 rubles in it, which, in principle, is not small in itself (the exchange rate of the ruble, of course, was very depressing, earlier (2 years ago, before the crisis) all the pleasure would have cost us 1,200 rubles). Of course, the kids liked it and in such a good mood we went to see the Summer Imperial Palace.

Quote message world heritage UNESCO: France. Palaces and parks of Versailles. Part 1

The UNESCO World Heritage List in the French Republic includes 37 items (for 2011), which is 3.8% of the total (936 for 2011). 33 properties are listed by cultural criteria, with 17 of them recognized as masterpieces of human genius (criterion i), 3 properties are included by natural criteria, each of which is recognized natural phenomenon of exceptional beauty and aesthetic importance (criterion vii) and 1 mixed property also meeting criterion vii. In addition, as of 2010, 33 sites in France are among the candidates for inclusion in the World Heritage List. The French Republic has ratified the Convention for the Protection of the World Cultural and natural heritage June 27, 1975

UNESCO experts have decided that the French gastronomic culture, with its rituals and complex organization, is worthy of being included in the prestigious Intangible List. cultural heritage. For the first time in the world, this status was National cuisine, which testifies to "its universal recognition".
The experts of the Intergovernmental Committee of UNESCO satisfied the request of France in the art of Alencon lace - included in the List of the Intangible Heritage of Humanity.
Food is part of the French national identity. Normandy, Provencal, Burgundy and Alsatian cuisines differ from each other in the same way as the inhabitants of these regions. “It must be said that French cuisine is subject to numerous influences, which allows it to create new dishes and new tastes. It is difficult to overestimate the importance of this openness, especially given the characteristics of modern society,” says Hubert de Canson, Deputy Permanent Representative of France to UNESCO.

Versailles Palace and Park

Versailles - a palace and park ensemble in France (fr. Parc et château de Versailles), the former residence of the French kings in the city of Versailles, now a suburb of Paris; tourism center of world importance.

Versailles was built under the leadership of Louis XIV from 1661, and became a kind of monument to the era of the "Sun King", an artistic and architectural expression of the idea of absolutism. The leading architects are Louis Le Vaux and Jules Hardouin-Mansart, the creator of the park is Andre Le Nôtre. The ensemble of Versailles, the largest in Europe, is distinguished by a unique integrity of design and harmony of architectural forms and the transformed landscape. Since the end of the 17th century, Versailles has served as a model for the ceremonial country residences of European monarchs and aristocracy, but there are no direct imitations of it.

From 1666 to 1789, until the French Revolution, Versailles was the official royal residence. In 1801 it received the status of a museum and is open to the public; since 1830, the entire architectural complex of Versailles has become a museum; in 1837 in royal palace The Museum of the History of France was opened. In 1979, the Palace of Versailles and the park were included in the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage List.

Many significant events in French and world history are associated with Versailles. So, in the 18th century, the royal residence became the place of signing of many international treaties, including the treaty that ended the American War of Independence (1783). In 1789, the Constituent Assembly, which worked in Versailles, adopted the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen.

Chapel_and_Gabriel_Wing_Palace_of_Versailles
northern view

South facade. Versailles 2

In 1871, after the defeat of France in the Franco-Prussian War, the creation of the German Empire was proclaimed in Versailles, occupied by German troops. Here, in 1919, a peace treaty was signed that ended the First World War and laid the foundation for the so-called Versailles system - political system post-war international relations

View of the palace from the park

Versailles_-zicht_op_de_Écuries
The history of the Palace of Versailles begins in 1623 with a very modest hunting castle like a feudal one, built at the request of Louis XIII of brick, stone and roofing slate on the territory purchased from Jean de Soisy (Jean de Soisy), whose family owned the lands from the 14th century. The hunting castle was located in the place where the marble courtyard is now located. Its dimensions were 24 by 6 meters. In 1632, the territory was expanded through the purchase of the Versailles estate from the Archbishop of Paris from the Gondi family, and a two-year rebuilding was undertaken.

La Victoire sur l "Espagne Marsy Girardon Versailles

Louis XIV

Since 1661, the "Sun King" Louis XIV began to expand the palace in order to use it as his permanent residence, since after the Fronde uprising, living in the Louvre seemed unsafe to him. The architects André Le Nôtre and Charles Lebrun renovated and expanded the palace in the classicist style. The entire facade of the palace from the side of the garden occupies large gallery(Gallery of Mirrors, Galleria Louis XIV), which makes a stunning impression with its paintings, mirrors and columns. In addition to it, the Battle Gallery, the palace chapel and the Royal Opera are also worth mentioning.

Louis XV

After the death of Louis XIV in 1715, the five-year-old King Louis XV, his court, and the Regency Council of Philippe d'Orléans returned to Paris. The Russian Tsar Peter I, during his visit to France, stayed in May 1717 at the Grand Trianon. The 44-year-old Tsar, while at Versailles, studied the arrangement of the Palace and parks, which inspired him to create Peterhof on the shores of the Gulf of Finland near St. Petersburg (Verlet, 1985).

Versailles changed during the reign of Louis XV, but not as extensively as it was under Louis XIV. In 1722, the king and his court returned to Versailles and the first project was the completion of the Salon of Hercules, the construction of which was begun in the last years of the reign of Louis XIV, but due to the death of the latter was not completed.

The Small apartments of the King are recognized as a significant contribution of Louis XV to the development of Versailles; The chambers of Madame, the chambers of the Dauphin and his wife on the first floor of the Palace; as well as the private quarters of Louis XV - the small apartments of the King on the second floor (later rebuilt into the apartments of Madame Dubarry) and the small apartments of the King on the third floor - on the second and third floors of the Palace. The main achievement of Louis XV in the development of Versailles was the completion of the construction of the Opera House and the Petit Trianon Palace (Verlet, 1985).

Petit Trianon Palace

Small apartments of the king. Office of the golden service

Playroom Louis 16

Madame Dubarry
An equally significant contribution is the destruction of the Ambassadors' Staircase, the only ceremonial route to the Grand Royal Apartments. This was done for the construction of apartments for the daughters of Louis XV.

One of the gates

The inviolability of power. The French royal court.

In the decoration of the gate, the symbols of the king-"sun"

Golden Gate.

Palace of Versailles; stone Saint Leu,

There were no significant changes in the Park, compared with the times of Louis XIV; the only legacy of Louis XV in the parks of Versailles is the completion of the Neptune Basin between 1738 and 1741 (Verlet, 1985). In the last years of his reign, Louis XV, on the advice of the architect Gabriel, began the reconstruction of the facades of the courtyards of the Palace. According to another project, the Palace was to receive classical facades from the city side. This Louis XV project also continued throughout the reign of Louis XVI, and was only completed in the 20th century (Verlet, 1985).

mirror hall

All accounts related to the construction of the palace have survived to our time. The amount taking into account all expenses is 25,725,836 livres (1 livre corresponded to 409 g of silver), which in total amounted to 10,500 tons of silver or 456 million guilders for 243 g of silver / Recalculation to the modern value is almost impossible. Based on the price of silver at 250 euros per kg, the construction of the palace absorbed 2.6 billion euros / Based on the purchasing power of the then guilder as 80 euros, the construction cost 37 billion euros. Putting the cost of building the palace in relation to the state budget of France in the 17th century, we get the modern amount of 259.56 billion euros.

Facade of the palace. Clock of Louis 14.
Almost half of this amount was spent on the creation of interior decoration. The best masters of the era Jacob, Jean Joseph Chapuis created luxurious boiserie. [source not specified 859 days] These costs were distributed over 50 years, during which the construction of the Palace of Versailles, completed in 1710, was going on.

Emperor Augustus

Roman busts

The site of the future construction required a huge amount of land work. Recruitment of workers from the surrounding villages took place with great difficulty. Peasants were forced to become "builders". In order to increase the number of workers in the construction of the palace, the king banned all private construction in the vicinity. Workers were often imported from Normandy and Flanders. Almost all orders were carried out through tenders, the expenses of the performers, exceeding those originally named, were not paid. In peacetime, the army was also involved in the construction of the palace. Finance Minister Jean-Baptiste Colbert kept an eye on frugality. The forced presence of the aristocracy at court was an additional precaution on the part of Louis XIV, who thus secured for himself complete control over the activities of the aristocracy. Only at court was it possible to receive ranks or posts, and those who left lost their privileges
Fountains of Versailles

May 5, 1789 in Palace of Versailles gathered representatives of the nobility, the clergy and the bourgeoisie. After the king, who by law was given the right to assemble and dissolve such events, adjourned the meeting for political reasons, the deputies from the bourgeoisie declared themselves the National Assembly and retired to the Ballroom. After 1789, the Palace of Versailles could only be maintained with difficulty.

Architectural elements of the decoration of the palace
On October 5-6, 1789, first a crowd from the Parisian suburbs, and then the national guard under the command of Lafayette, came to Versailles demanding that the king and his family, as well as the National Assembly, move to Paris. Subject to forceful pressure, Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette, their relatives and deputies moved to the capital. After that, the importance of Versailles as the administrative and political center of France declined and was not restored in the future.
Since the time of Louis Philippe, many halls and rooms have been restored, and the palace itself has become an outstanding national historical museum, which exhibited busts, portraits, paintings of battles and other works of art of predominantly historical value.

Proclamation of the German Empire in 1871

The Palace of Versailles was of great importance in German-French history. After the defeat of France in the Franco-Prussian War, from October 5, 1870 to March 13, 1871, it was the residence of the main headquarters of the German army. On January 18, 1871, the German Empire was proclaimed in the Mirror Gallery, and Wilhelm I was its Kaiser. This place was deliberately chosen to humiliate the French.

The peace treaty with France was signed on February 26, also at Versailles. In March, the evacuated French government moved the capital from Bordeaux to Versailles, and only in 1879 again to Paris.

At the end of the First World War, a preliminary truce was concluded at the Palace of Versailles, as well as the Treaty of Versailles, which the defeated German Empire was forced to sign. This time, historical place was picked up by the French to humiliate the Germans.

The harsh conditions of the Treaty of Versailles (including huge indemnity payments and recognition of sole guilt) laid a heavy burden on the shoulders of the young Weimar Republic. Because of this, it is widely believed that the consequences of the Treaty of Versailles were the basis for the future emergence of Nazism in Germany.

Marble Court of Versailles
After World War II, the Palace of Versailles became the site of German-French reconciliation. This is evidenced by the celebrations on the occasion of the 40th anniversary of the signing of the Elysee Treaty, which took place in 2003. Palace of Versailles

born in the palace

The following kings and members of their families were born in the Palace of Versailles: Philip V (King of Spain), Louis XV, Louis XVI,
Many palaces in Europe were built under the undoubted influence of Versailles. These include the castles of Sanssouci in Potsdam, Schonbrunn in Vienna, the Great Palaces in Peterhof, the Rapti Manor in Luga, Gatchina and Rundale (Latvia), as well as other palaces in Germany, Austria and Italy.

Palace interiors
Busts and sculptures

Bust of Louis XIV by Gianlorenzo Bernini

Busts in the Hall of Mirrors

Buste de Louis XV, Jean-Baptiste II Lemoyne (1749), apartments of the Dauphine, Louis 15

Madame Clotilde

Buste de Charles X, 1825, Francois-Joseph Bosio

Marie Antoinette

Francois Paul Brueys

mirror gallery

Salle des croisades

Sleeping Ariadne

Escalier Gabriel

Petit_appartement_du_roi

lobby ceiling

Entrance from the lobby

Lobby

Salle des gardes de la reine

Salon Louis 14, medallion depicting a Roman legionnaire

Salon de Venus, Louis XIV en empereur romain, Jean Varin

Coat of arms of Louis Philippe
Paintings

Reception of the Persian ambassadors by Louis 14, COYPEL Antoine

Creator: Claude Guy Halle (Français, 1652-1736)

Louis 14, author unknown

Sun King, Jean-Léon Gérôme (Français, 1824-1904)

Ambassador ladder model

Staircase.of.ambassadors

lobby decor,

Mary Josephine of Saxony and the Count of Burgundy, Maurice Quentin de Latour (author)

La remise de l "Ordre du Saint-Esprit, Nicolas Lancret (1690-1743)
Apartment Louis 14

Dauphine Apartments

Allegories, ceiling painting,

The birth of the Duke of Burgundy at Versailles on 6 August 1682 by Antoine Dieu

Royal bedchamber in gold.

blue cabinet

Chambers in the Grand Trianon

Marie Antoinette

Bed Madame Pompadour

Napoleon's quarters
Palace decor

Angels, the ceiling of the reception room

mirror gallery

Coat of arms of Louis 14
Chandeliers and candelabra

Dining rooms and fireplaces

Porcelain

Josse-François-Joseph Leriche, Queen's toilet

Coyau

UNESCO is the United Nations organization dealing with education, culture and science. The main goals declared by the organization are to promote the strengthening of the security of the world, thanks to the expansion of cooperation between peoples and states in the field of science, education and culture; observance of law and justice, universal respect for fundamental freedoms and human rights, which are proclaimed in the Charter of the Organization, absolutely for all peoples, without belonging to any race, sex, language or religion.
On November 16, 1945, an organization was created, the headquarters of which is located in the capital of France. The activities of the organization cover the problems of discrimination in the field of education, as well as illiteracy; studies national cultures and trains national personnel; problems of geology, social sciences, biosphere and oceanography.
On September 16, 1946, the Preparatory Commission for UNESCO moved to the Majestic Hotel from London, which served as temporary premises until 1958. The construction was hastily restored after the liberation of the city from the German occupation. Working conditions in it were not ideal, since the largest bedrooms were provided for the work of secretaries, many of whom used one wardrobe closet for storing documents. Professional mid-level employees worked in the former bathrooms, because it was the only place storage of documentation.
On the Place Fontenoy in Paris on November 3, 1958, the inauguration of the current headquarters of UNESCO took place. The building, which is shaped like the letter Y, was designed by three architects from different countries, and the construction of the headquarters was carried out under the leadership of an international committee.
The complex, which is known throughout the world not only for the location of the UNESCO headquarters in it, but also for its architectural merits, was erected on several dozen concrete columns in the shape of a three-pointed star.
The building houses a library with a large numismatic and philatelic collection, all publications of the Organization and a department of UNESCO souvenirs.
Complementing the complex are three other buildings. The first, called "accordion", has a large oval hall. This is where the General Conference meets in plenary. The second building was built in the shape of a cube. In the third structure, in the center of the green area, two underground levels deep, there are six open patios, into which the windows of the offices located along the perimeter open. These buildings containing a large number of unique works of art are currently open to the public.
Since the beginning of the construction of the UNESCO building on Place Fontenoy, works of art have been commissioned from famous artists, which, in addition to decorative and artistic design, would symbolize the world, the preservation and strengthening of which the organization sets as its task. Over time, other works of art were also acquired. Most of the works were donated to the Organization by Member States.
On the UNESCO website in the virtual museum you can see the works of Picasso, Miro, Bazin, Corbusier, Tapies, and many other famous and little-known artists.

The UNESCO World Heritage List in the French Republic includes 37 items (for 2011), which is 3.8% of the total (936 for 2011). 33 properties are listed by cultural criteria, with 17 of them recognized as masterpieces of human genius (criterion i), 3 properties are listed by natural criteria, each of which is recognized as a natural phenomenon of exceptional beauty and aesthetic importance (criterion vii), and 1 mixed property , also meeting criterion vii. In addition, as of 2010, 33 sites in France are among the candidates for inclusion in the World Heritage List. The French Republic ratified the Convention for the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage on 27 June 1975.

UNESCO experts have decided that the French gastronomic culture, with its rituals and complex organization, is worthy of being included in the prestigious Intangible Cultural Heritage List. For the first time in the world, this status was given to national cuisine, which indicates "its universal recognition".
The experts of the Intergovernmental Committee of UNESCO satisfied the request of France in the art of Alencon lace - included in the List of the Intangible Heritage of Humanity.
Food is part of the French national identity. Normandy, Provencal, Burgundy and Alsatian cuisines differ from each other in the same way as the inhabitants of these regions. “It must be said that French cuisine is subject to numerous influences, which allows it to create new dishes and new tastes. It is difficult to overestimate the importance of this openness, especially given the characteristics of modern society,” says Hubert de Canson, Deputy Permanent Representative of France to UNESCO.

Versailles Palace and Park

From 1666 to 1789, until the French Revolution, Versailles was the official royal residence. In 1801 it received the status of a museum and is open to the public; since 1830, the entire architectural complex of Versailles has become a museum; in 1837, the Museum of the History of France was opened in the royal palace. In 1979, the Palace of Versailles and the park were included in the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage List.

Chapel_and_Gabriel_Wing_Palace_of_Versailles
northern view

South facade. Versailles 2

View of the palace from the park

La Victoire sur l "Espagne Marsy Girardon Versailles

Louis XIV

Since 1661, the "Sun King" Louis XIV began to expand the palace in order to use it as his permanent residence, since after the Fronde uprising, living in the Louvre seemed unsafe to him. The architects André Le Nôtre and Charles Lebrun renovated and expanded the palace in the classicist style. The entire facade of the palace from the garden side is occupied by a large gallery (Gallery of Mirrors, Gallery of Louis XIV), which makes an amazing impression with its paintings, mirrors and columns. In addition to it, the Battle Gallery, the palace chapel and the Royal Opera are also worth mentioning.

Louis XV

Petit Trianon Palace

Small apartments of the king. Office of the golden service

Playroom Louis 16

One of the gates

The inviolability of power. The French royal court.

In the decoration of the gate, the symbols of the king-"sun"

Golden Gate.

Palace of Versailles; stone Saint Leu,

mirror hall

Emperor Augustus

Roman busts

On May 5, 1789, representatives of the nobility, clergy and bourgeoisie gathered in the Palace of Versailles. After the king, who by law was given the right to assemble and dissolve such events, adjourned the meeting for political reasons, the deputies from the bourgeoisie declared themselves the National Assembly and retired to the Ballroom. After 1789, the Palace of Versailles could only be maintained with difficulty.

Proclamation of the German Empire in 1871

The peace treaty with France was signed on February 26, also at Versailles. In March, the evacuated French government moved the capital from Bordeaux to Versailles, and only in 1879 again to Paris.

At the end of the First World War, a preliminary truce was concluded at the Palace of Versailles, as well as the Treaty of Versailles, which the defeated German Empire was forced to sign. This time, the historic site was picked up by the French to humiliate the Germans.

born in the palace

Palace interiors
Busts and sculptures

Bust of Louis XIV by Gianlorenzo Bernini

Busts in the Hall of Mirrors

Buste de Louis XV, Jean-Baptiste II Lemoyne (1749), apartments of the Dauphine, Louis 15

Madame Clotilde

Buste de Charles X, 1825, Francois-Joseph Bosio

Marie Antoinette

Francois Paul Brueys

mirror gallery

Salle des croisades

Sleeping Ariadne

Escalier Gabriel

Petit_appartement_du_roi

lobby ceiling

Entrance from the lobby

Lobby

Salle des gardes de la reine

Salon Louis 14, medallion depicting a Roman legionnaire

Salon de Venus, Louis XIV en empereur romain, Jean Varin

Coat of arms of Louis Philippe
Paintings

Reception of the Persian ambassadors by Louis 14, COYPEL Antoine

Creator: Claude Guy Halle (Français, 1652-1736)

Louis 14, author unknown

Sun King, Jean-Léon Gérôme (Français, 1824-1904)

Ambassador ladder model

Staircase.of.ambassadors

lobby decor,

Mary Josephine of Saxony and the Count of Burgundy, Maurice Quentin de Latour (author)

La remise de l "Ordre du Saint-Esprit, Nicolas Lancret (1690-1743)
Apartment Louis 14