We all read in childhood the novel by D. Defoe "The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe" and admired the man who managed to survive on desert island, overcoming hunger, having obtained fire and built a dwelling. After reading about the ordeals of Robinson and throwing the book on the shelf, we remain confident that this will not happen to us, that we will never find ourselves alone somewhere on a desert island.
However, it would not hurt us to remember that in the 21st century, ships periodically crash, planes crash, boats sink and people find themselves among deserted islands, in impenetrable thickets of the tropics, among bare rocks one on one with charms wildlife…. And then we will be forced to think, believe, work, remember, invent. Therefore, let's take care of ourselves in advance and ask ourselves the question today: what will I do when I find myself on a desert island, what am I capable of, what can I do, how will I survive?
1. First of all, do not panic, keep a sober mind and do not succumb to negative emotions. We are still alive and therefore there is still a reason for joy. Soon the relatives will sound the alarm and they will start looking for us. Therefore, all thoughts should be focused only on salvation. And the salvation of the drowning, as you know, is the work of the drowning themselves. Only in the event that you lose heart, then the case can end in death. It is willpower, strength of mind that will help you survive in unusual conditions. It is necessary to strive to fill your whole day with useful activities that can distract you from unnecessary thoughts. Talk quietly to yourself, thinking out loud and weighing the complexities of the current situation, mentally or aloud communicate with nature or relatives and friends. Often such a habit saved a person who found himself alone from insanity.
2. looking for a source of fresh water. We will try to find a spring or a spring with clean water. Paths laid by wild animals, wetlands, large ravines usually lead to the spring. Only in the event that they are not found, then we can replace the water with the juice of some plants, trees, fruits, berries, or we will collect morning dew. Only in the event that it started to rain, then we do not sit under a bush, but we make a cup from a large leaf of a plant and collect precious liquid into it. In extreme cases, if there is at least some water nearby, we can always clean it or desalt it. Fresh water is better to boil a little before drinking. Salt water can be desalted with a homemade distiller. This requires any wide capacity. Pour salt water into it and put a small stone in the center of the container, on which we will install another container, smaller. We will cover the whole thing with plastic wrap and tie around the edges. In the center, just above the smaller container, let's put a small stone. The container must be in the sun. Attention! Only in this case, salt water will evaporate and settle on the film, and then, in the form of fresh water, will flow into the jar. Be sure to think of something that can be used as a water storage device.
Remember that half a liter of water per day allows the body to be in a relatively normal state, and a liquid volume of 0.05-0.06 liters per day will allow you to live for more than ten days. And under no circumstances do not drink sea water, since the high concentration of salt in sea water, when consumed, will lead to the loss of fluid by all tissues of the body.
3. in second place after fresh water is fire. Therefore, we kindle a fire that will improve our mood, prevent us from freezing, dry our clothes and help in cooking. It is advisable to choose a place for a fire in such a way that it is sheltered from rain and wind by some kind of shelter, for example, a rock. If there is a lighter or matches available, then we take care of them like the apple of our eye. Only if there are none, then you can use glasses from glasses, watches, a broken phone or camera. The existing glass must be positioned in such a way relative to the sun that the sun's rays heat it up and, focusing the sunlight, set fire to tinder, which can be made from rot, finely crushed dry bark, dry powdered wood, bird's nests, fleecy plant material, wood dust. By the way, in winter time year instead of glass, you can use a polished piece of ice. In order for the nascent light to turn into a fire, first throw only small firewood, gradually move to larger ones, gently wave around the fire, helping it to swell. And be sure to remember that it is necessary to maintain the smoldering of a kindled fire so as not to re-ignite it every time. In addition, take care to prepare firewood for the fire so that it can be quickly lit at any time and signal your location.
4. we build any shelter from rain, wind, snow and sun, for example, a hut, a canopy or a dugout. Shelter will give us warmth at night, shade during the day, and a place to hide our food supplies, firewood, and equipment. The type of shelter will depend on your physical data, there is enough material around. Shelter is best near a water source and on open space dispose. In the warm season, it is enough to make a canopy and dig it in with a groove so that water does not get under the canopy during rain. For the device of the simplest shelter, you can also use a fallen tree with a dense crown, eversion, thick tree trunks. You just need to additionally overlay them with bark or spruce branches to protect yourself from rain and wind. In winter, with deep snow cover, you can dig a trench at the foot of a large tree. From above, cover the trench with some existing cloth big size, line the inside with several layers of tree branches, and cover the entrance to the trench with snow. In the event that it is still not very cold, then you can spend the night hunting. It is only necessary to prepare a place, if there is a little snow, then clear it of snow and build a fire to thoroughly warm the ground. Then move the fire to the side, and put more branches, moss on the newly warmed ground, and cover it with the available fabric on top. You need to lie down on such a coating warmly dressed, and be sure to cover yourself with a tarpaulin or use another dense fabric on top.
5. now you can take care of the search for food. Food has less priority than water, that's how human physiology works. During starvation, the human body will begin to use its internal tissue reserves, which are enough for thirty to forty days, even in the absence of food at rest and about fifteen days in the presence of physical exertion. Remember that hunger is strongly felt only in the first week, and in the future, well-being will begin to improve. And although this increases fatigue, a person is able to maintain relative working capacity for thirty to forty days. Therefore, to survive in such conditions, you need to know how to feed yourself in the wild.
Many edible plants often grow on the islands and in the forests. Nuts, fruits and tubers have the highest nutritional value. And don't be surprised by the fact that an excellent source of food in such conditions are insects, which live everywhere and at the same time are an excellent source of protein. But if you still decide to go fishing, using beetles as bait, instead of eating them, then the hook can be made from a pin, barrettes from a badge, a piece of wire, a nail, a bone. The easiest way is to use a branch with a spike, which must be attached to something that will replace your fishing line. The fishing line can be made from a strong thread, pulling it out of the fabric of clothing or laces. And from a sharp stone and a long, strong stick, you can build a knife or a pike, which is very convenient to catch coastal fish, birds and small animals. The most important item in this situation is the knife, which is the most important and useful invention of man. Only if you have it with you, keep it as the greatest value. Otherwise, try to make it from the available materials at hand. To make a knife, you will need a pointed layered stone, a piece of bone or other stone for sharpening, and again an oblong stone or piece of wood for the handle. Also, try to make a bow and arrow, because this type of weapon is very easy to learn how to use. Onions are best made from elastic wood of birch, ash, acacia. The distance for shooting at a moving target can reach twenty to forty meters. The length of the bow should be approximately equal to the distance from your feet to where the coccyx is located. Shoe laces can be used as the first bowstring, and after the first successful hunt, a bowstring can be made from animal ligaments and tendons. An important condition for the successful use of a bow is a properly stretched bowstring: usually, the bow is applied to a tree trunk and, resting on both ends, is bent in the opposite direction. After that, the bowstring is tightly tied.
Fruits of plants, nuts and berries will not provide you with good nutrition, but they will greatly support your strength. Try to eat plants that are well known to you or those that birds and animals eat. Thus, if all the plants are unfamiliar, then first eat a couple of berries, a small piece of the stem and wait about five hours. Only if after this time there are no signs of poisoning, then feel free to eat it. Thus, if berries, mushrooms and fruit seeds have an unpleasant odor, then it is better to refrain from eating them.
Much of what you get in the forest or on the island can be eaten raw, but food cooked over a fire is much healthier, safer, and much tastier raw. During heat treatment, all bacteria, toxins and harmful substances contained in animals and plants are destroyed. You can cook food on fire either by roasting it on a spit, or by roasting it well on hot stones.
In fact, it is best to eat in such conditions once a day and preferably hot, chewing food very carefully.
6. Be sure to indicate your location in this place. Can be on a clean, from afar visible place make some construction of stones or other large objects, which will indicate that someone lives on the island and needs help. Bonfires are often used for this purpose.
7. It would probably not be superfluous to think about a possible meeting with the inhabitants of the wild nature living in this area. You don't need to be afraid. After all, usually wild animals, smelling a person, leave. They attack a person only in the most exceptional cases: if they are injured, scared or forced to protect their offspring. Only in the event that all the same animals behave aggressively, then they will have to defend themselves: make a fire, make a lot of noise. But in no case should you turn your back on wild animals and do not try to run away. Instead, try to back away slowly while continuing to carefully observe the behavior of the animal. Only if a tree grows nearby, then quickly climb onto it. If there is a river or lake, dive into the water and wait for the predator to leave in the water.
What you should be afraid of is the bite of a poisonous snake. It can be fatal for you. To prevent this from happening, when moving through the forest, look very carefully under your feet, push the thick and tall grass with a stick. Snakes are found in glades well lit by the sun, near old stumps, large stones heated by the sun. Only in the event that you find a snake, then immediately stop and slowly, without making sudden movements in small steps, step back as far as possible.
8. entertainment. When you are full, protected from the weather and wild animals, provided with firewood, food supplies and weapons, you will definitely want entertainment. Build a kite, build yourself a chessboard, write a book on the bark of trees. Be smart, use your creativity and life on a desert island will bring you in the form of bonuses not only self-confidence, development of strength and endurance, but also joy, peace and tranquility.
Food that can be found on a desert island. Survive on a desert island or where to start
Sometimes you just want to escape from a noisy and such an active city of millions somewhere on a desert island. But for this it is important to know and remember that there are many dangers on the island. Where to start on the island:
- find water;
- find shelter;
- protect yourself from wild animals;
- kindle a fire.
By the way, instead of water, the first days you can use coconut milk. True, it tastes a little sweet and fortified. But on the island - this is just what you need. But the pulp of coconut can be eaten. It is very fatty, high-calorie and healthy. Hunger satisfies easily. The main thing is not to lean too much, as the stomach may hurt. Coconuts choose yellow or green. These are young fruits in which there is a lot of water. For food, it is better to take brown fruits. Further, the remains of the nut, the shell can be used for a fire instead of firewood. Just look how many benefits from just one coconut!
Alluring beauty tropical island and the density of vegetation tells us that there is certainly something to profit from here! But in fact, this is a misconception. After all, to find out what is on a desert island, you need to make a lot of effort. How many people died of hunger in such "paradise" places, how many got poisoned, not knowing what can be eaten and what is not. Noticing a bright fruit, do not take off and do not take risks! After all, your life is at stake. Unfortunately, banana and coconut trees are not ubiquitous, so you can only survive on them if you are very lucky. Such palms rarely grow on their own and usually indicate that they were previously planted by humans (or even currently owned by humans). This article will be devoted to what you can still satisfy your hunger in such conditions.
Pandan is a plant that looks like a dense palm tree with a large number of trunks. The fruit resembles a pineapple, it is difficult to confuse it with something else. When ripe, they can be red, yellow, purple or even with a blue tint. You can safely eat this plant, make cakes from it, mash it, and even eat it raw.
The sago palm is a huge source of carbohydrates, with it you can get up to 150 kg of the so-called sago. A starch-containing product that, when added to water or fruit juice, will look like mashed potatoes. The method of preparing sago is not complicated, but it takes time and physical energy, but then you can live with such a product for a long time! And so, first you need to separate the bark from the palm tree and get to the core - it is from it that sago is extracted. By the way, the tree must be young! The core must be cut and left to dry in the sun, once they become crispy, they can be ground to a state of flour. The flour must be washed, allowing the water to settle. The precipitate is dried. Now this product can (as described above) be dissolved in water and eaten.
From products of animal origin, you can profit, for example, from tree larvae - it is not difficult to find them, but to dare to eat is already a much more difficult task. They can be fried, but they are also edible raw. The most important thing is to separate their upper part and squeeze out the contents of the intestine. Never eat the larvae that are attached to inside sheet.
In the sea you can catch sea cucumbers (they are inactive and it is not difficult to catch them).
Giant clams, oysters, sea urchins, tridacnids - all of which you can provide your body with enough calories to survive.
How to survive on a desert island. Things you will need to survive on a deserted island.
- Knife. The knife is the most versatile tool ever invented. You can do almost anything with a knife. Also find stones to sharpen it.
- Toothbrush or floss. Remember to take care of yourself and brush your teeth. Toothache is one of the worst. To make a toothbrush, you can flatten wood.
- Cloth. Find warm clothes or make your own from animal skins or trees.
- Water and food, respectively.
Now you know what to do if you find yourself in a similar situation. We hope this doesn't happen!
Having organized your life on the island in collecting water, making fire and getting food, you should think about lodging for the night. "Housing" is necessary in order to shelter from rain and direct sunlight. The risk of animal attacks on uninhabited land is minimal.
The main task is to hide as much as possible from the sun, rain and wind, so you can limit yourself to a canopy and a bed. The canopy is quite simple to weave from palm leaves. The bed should not come into contact with the ground, preventing insects and moisture from the ground from penetrating to the person. 
So, we have indicated that for survival it is necessary to exclude panic, fear. Soberly identify tasks - this is the search for water, making a fire and getting food. Next, build a canopy that will protect from the sun and rain.
We knowingly endowed our survivalist with minimal insect protection, a small amount of water, food and matches for the first time. In fact, without this it is quite difficult to survive on the island. Minimal injury, which takes a long time to heal in tropical conditions, can lead to death. Any fruit eaten can be poisonous. The idea to spend some time on the island is very dangerous, and without a minimum set of medicines and protective equipment, the chances of successful survival are close to zero.
Of course, if you have never traveled anywhere beyond your place of residence, then you are not destined to end up on a desert island. But, believe me, life is such an unpredictable thing that anything can happen, including being on a desert island. And what will you do there?
Most believe that a desert island is such a romance - the sea, palm trees, sand and enjoying life alone. In fact, you need to survive and fight for your life on the island a lot and fiercely.
There are a huge number of uninhabited islands in the world - more than 1500.
The sun, no matter how beautiful it seems to you, when heat is your main enemy. Burnt skin and dehydration - that's what awaits you at first.
There is not a minute to lose, and therefore the search for drinking water is the main task in the very first minutes. You need to look for water along the ravines, or even better, include a young tracker in yourself and find an animal path - it almost always leads to water. Yes, there are very small islands and there are no sources of water there. But water can be obtained. Firstly - you are lucky if there are coconut palms on the island - the juice in coconuts will quench your first thirst.
Of course, they went too far with alcohol, but the main idea is clear - you need to find a sharp thing - a shell or a bone. Ripe coconuts without skins have "dimples" in which you can also make holes and drink. But you can't rely on coconuts alone.
For example, if you still have a life jacket or something made of polyethylene, you can create a water collector. To do this, you need to spread a vest over the pit (which also needs to be found), press it with stones along the edges and put a pebble in the center to create a recess. Put any container down -
half a coconut, a large shell, etc. After a while it will fill up with water. It won't be much, but it's more than nothing.
By the way, if there is a rocky area around you, look for depressions in the rocks, there is almost always rainwater.
And never drink sea water!
The next step is to build a shelter. Since most often a desert island is the tropics, it is hot there, but a canopy is needed to hide from the heavy rains that happen in the tropics and the sun.
Do not make the shelter very close to the water - a storm can demolish your shelter, but do not climb into the thicket either - you must see the beach and the sea - in case some ship passes and they notice you. Also be careful about the caves in the rocks - this a good place, provided that there are no snakes and poisonous insects. In general - try to fold a hut - palm leaves are best suited for this. If you have a piece of some kind of film, then you are doubly lucky - be sure to tilt your canopy and put a container where rainwater will drain. And another tip - do not put a hut under a coconut palm - coconuts often fall and by the way, more people die from them than from shark attacks.
Food
Of course, after water and shelter, you will need food. One point - do not spend more calories looking for food than you get them by eating what you find. In other words - do not run around the island looking for food - you may not find it at all, and your energy has been spent. Use berries and fruits with caution. Watch birds and animals - they don't eat things that are poisonous. If there are a lot of all kinds of berries around, then take a closer look at where a lot of them are eaten, and where they hang untouched and do not eat the last ones. You can also break the berry and press it against your hand - if after a while you feel itching and burning - do not eat. Ideal food can be considered various oysters and shellfish. But here, be careful - do not step on a poisonous stingray or sea urchin. Do not swim far - there may be sharks and do not grab any living creatures with spikes with your hands. Look for oysters, mussels, crabs, snails. Do not disdain insects, especially larvae - they are rich in proteins. If you can’t eat right away, remember where you found them - come running in a couple of days if there is no other food. The same goes for worms, birds (and their eggs), rats and mice - catch whatever you can catch - your life depends on it.
Fire
Fire is needed - you need to heat the food, as well as boil the water found in order to avoid any contamination. It is difficult to get fire - this is not a movie for you, where, having twisted a stick a couple of times, you have a fire burning. In addition, the fire must always be maintained, and this is a whole bunch of firewood, which you may not have the strength to search for.
One of the best ways to get fire is a bow. Rope, stick and dry moss - friction is the best helper. By the way - when you wander along the shore, collecting shellfish - take everything you find - it may come in handy. The sea throws out a lot of garbage and a piece of glass can serve as a lens, and an aluminum can is generally an indispensable assistant - here you have a knife, a lens, and a container. Take the ropes, cellophane and more.
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Safety
If there are no large predatory animals on the island, you are in luck. But insects and snakes are almost everywhere. Insects, in addition to being annoying and poisonous, can also carry various kinds of sores, such as malaria, rats are also carriers of fevers. Clean all vegetation around the dwelling - the wind will scare away mosquitoes and rats will most likely not go to confrontation in open areas.
We have already mentioned about sea urchins and stingrays, I would like to add - when walking through the forest, do not grab the trunks with your hands - poisonous insects and snakes can sit on them. Do you know, for example, that touching the caterpillar of the "Lazy Clown" butterfly is almost 100% death? Be careful!
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Avoid jellyfish and in no case touch the brightly colored frogs - they are deadly!
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Striving for salvation
Remember the number 3. This is a symbol of salvation. You need 3 inscriptions - Help (Help), 3 fires, 3 heaps of stones, 3 rags, 3 screams - anything, the main thing is that leaves), make figures from stones and leaves, in general, do everything to be noticed sooner or later.
Survival. Of course, this is an experiment, with the support of the film crew, but it's interesting ...
Can you pick the 4 most important items?
We sincerely wish you to get to a desert island - to your own, personal, with a villa, a helicopter, a boat, a lot of money and friends!
Add your tips, comments and remarks! Let's put together a useful post - what if someone comes in handy?
It is almost impossible to be alone on a desert island, contrary to the clichéd stories about the brave Robinsons, but still getting into such a situation, one should consider it an unprecedented success that a person managed to survive after the crash of a plane or ship. Knowing how to survive in the wild will help ease the panic and make it easier to settle into your temporary new home.
What it takes to survive
Going on any trip, it is better to play it safe once again and take essentials with you. Such a set is called a Nesseser (from the English necessary - it is necessary) and fits into any bulky pocket.
It includes:
Source of drinking water
Survival on a desert island primarily depends on water. To maintain a normal metabolism, the body needs to receive 1.5-2 liters of fluid per day.
In conditions of autonomous survival, the physical load on a person increases many times due to the fact that he is constantly in search of food, overnight equipment, making weapons and all kinds of devices, so the required volume of water increases to 3-4 liters.
In addition, most of the islands are often located in the equatorial and subequatorial belts in places where coral reefs accumulate, and, therefore, all year round there is a high temperature at which the body will actively sweat and give off fluid. Pure water- the most important factor for survival on a desert island.
In theory, a person can stay alive without it for about two weeks, but being alive and viable are two different things. Within a few days, dehydration will begin to draw the last strength out of the body and make a weakened person an easy prey for predators. Therefore, the search for a source of water should be dealt with in the first place.
Sandy coral islands often do not have their own sources of drinking water, but if the island has mountains, most likely it is of volcanic origin, and there is water there. You can either go around the coast in a circle in search of a stream flowing into the sea, or go deep into the island, but it is not recommended to do this without a weapon - wild animals can live in the depths, which are unlikely to come ashore.
The closer to the stream, the more saturated and dense the vegetation becomes, the soil is moistened, there are more animals (birds, insects) that come to the watering place.
If there are coconut palms on the island, the water issue can be considered resolved for some time: one nut contains up to 500 ml of milk. Palm leaves and empty coconuts can collect rainwater. To do this, it is necessary to dig a small depression in the sand, put a bowl or other reservoir below to collect water, and thickly cover the entire space around with plant leaves.
Under no circumstances should you drink sea water. To remove the huge amount of salt that it contains, the human kidneys need to spend more water than was drunk. This is how a vicious circle is formed: a person drinks, but the body becomes dehydrated, draws water from the cells, trying to remove salt. If the situation is critical, and the body is already dehydrated, sea water can extend life by a couple of days.
But it is worth taking such a step only if there is a guarantee that help will arrive in time for these few days. What to do if the weather is clear on the island and there are no streams? You can assemble the simplest distiller, which is guaranteed to give up to a liter of fresh water per day.
Even if there is drinking water on the island, it is still recommended to make several such devices just in case; if predators occupy the stream, it will be impossible to approach it and the person will be “evicted” to the shore for a long time.
Instruction:
The whole structure must be in the sun. The water poured into the pit will evaporate and condense on the polyethylene, flowing into the bowl due to the pebble, which presses down the stretched sheet. Fresh water will accumulate in the tank, and salt will remain in the pit. The water from the stream can be drunk in its original form, but it is better to boil the rainwater, desalinated or extracted from the river first.
If the water is cloudy and dirty, you can clean it using a multi-stage filter. To do this, you need to put a few sticks, building a small “wigwam” out of them, and pull pieces of fabric across them to make something like several small tents.
Sand can be poured on the upper level, charcoal can be poured on the lower level. Pour water on top and wait until it clears and enters the tank under the structure.
asylum
Survival on a desert island in an open area is fraught with trouble for a person. A roof over your head will protect you from the weather, shelter you from the scorching sun, keep you warm or cool when needed. For the first time, you can build a simple simple shelter, but if help does not arrive in time within a few weeks, it will need to be improved.
Of greater importance is not even the shelter itself, but the place where it will be located. On any island, you need to survive only on the shore. There are several reasons for this.
| Shore | Main part of the island | |
| Movement | Nothing is difficult, the area is clearly visible. | It takes a lot of time due to the dense forest litter, the area is not visible, you can easily get lost. |
| Safety | Predators almost do not go ashore, less likely to put a shelter on an anthill or snake nest. | If there are large cats or monkeys on the island, they live in the forest and become active at night, the forest floor is teeming with insects. |
| Convenience | Nearby there is an unlimited supply of sea water, in which you can wash things and use for household needs. | There is no water, it will not work to waste fresh water on something other than drinking. |
| Food | The sea is able to fully feed a person. With the help of a primitive spear, you can get fish (on the islands, it swims close to the coast). Also in the coastal zone there are crabs, mussels, other shellfish, coconut palms grow. | You can find berries, fruits, if you have a good weapon and the skill of using it, you can get meat. |
| Return to civilization | From the shore you can immediately see all the passing ships, you can quickly light a signal fire. | In the depths of the forest, a person will not see a single ship. |
The simplest temporary shelter on the island is a hut. It is advisable to place it above the ground to protect yourself from insects and snakes. To do this, we put several sticks at a distance of 2-3 meters from the palm tree, they must be securely fixed in the sand. From them to the supporting tree you need to hold two more sticks and tie them.
It will turn out something like a triangle, the inside of which must also be laid with sticks to make a “mattress” and covered with palm leaves. From sticks and leaves, you will need to build a canopy, in addition, you can add a few more "piles" below for the stability of the structure.
If survival takes place in conditions of absolute unpreparedness, as a coating can be used palm leaves, but this does not mean that other materials cannot be used: plastic wrap, cloth or tarpaulin.
A variety of garbage is constantly nailed to the shore in waves, if a plane or a ship crashed, having developed a little on the island, you can build a boat and float there to pick up useful things.
Such a built hut can only serve as a sleeping place and shelter for the first time.
From branches and improvised materials, you can build a whole hut where food and weapons will be stored. The main purpose of the shelter is protection from the weather. You can easily die from a cold on a desert island, the human body does not tolerate such a climate, so you need to insulate and floor your home with high quality.
Fire
Survival on a deserted island becomes much more difficult without a lighter, matches or other means of ignition. Fire is the second most important survival factor after water. Wild animals will never approach it, you can cook food and boil water on a fire, warm yourself and dry things near it. Dry branches or moss are perfect for lighting a fire.
Since it is humid in the tropics, it will be more difficult to find dry fuel than in a regular forest, but you can simply dry it in the sun. It is necessary to prepare tinder - a flammable material, the fire from which can then be transferred to a fire.
For this, ground dry grass, cotton wool or fluff is suitable (you can take it from the lining of the jacket). Then make a bow - it is not necessary that it be of high quality, its use will end when the fire is lit.
As a bowstring, you can use a lace from a boot or sweatshirt:
- Take a bar of dry wood, gouge a small depression in it.
- Wrap the string of the bow around a stick (just place the stick behind the string and turn the bow 180°).
- Put a pre-prepared tinder into the recess on the bar, put a stick in it.
- Move the bow quickly, making “sawing” movements so that the bowstring rotates the stick (press it from above with your hand for reliability).
The stick will rotate and heat the tinder by friction. First, a little smoke will go - this is not fire yet, the friction needs to be increased. When the first sparks appear, the tinder must be carefully inflated and placed in a pile of dry branches that were previously prepared for the fire. The islands do not have the usual good wood, such as oak or beech, which burn for a long time, with high quality and give a lot of heat.
You will have to make a fire with improvised means, grass and moss will quickly burn out, so the fire must be constantly maintained around the clock. In order not to return to this again, it is better to collect branches from the forest in advance and lay them on the shore: in this way, firstly, they will dry in the sun, and secondly, they will always be at hand. Fire can be obtained thanks to a magnifying glass.
The mechanism of this method is simple, the magnifying glass collects the sun's rays at one point, and their high concentration literally sets fire to the tinder. It is unlikely that a random Robinson will have a magnifying glass with him purely by chance, but lenses from glasses or binoculars can be used as it. Only converging lenses are suitable for making fire, scattering lenses are useless in this matter.
This means that glasses should be for the correction of farsightedness, and not myopia, with positive diopters. It sounds strange, but if there are no lenses, they can be replaced with a regular condom. You need to pour about 1-1.5 liters of water into it (of course, sea water, so as not to transfer drinking water) and tie it tightly.
The lens is placed at a distance of 15-20 cm from the tinder kindling, perpendicular to the sun's rays.
The distance and angle of inclination can be adjusted and changed, focusing on how the tinder behaves. When the kindling ignites, it will simply need to be transferred to the prepared fuel for the fire. The main plus of this method is that it is not necessary to exert physical effort to produce fire, the minus is that not every person may even have lenses from glasses.
Each of these methods will help you get a fire guaranteed in clear weather. During the rains, which can last for weeks on the islands, all dry kindling becomes unusable and can no longer catch fire from a small spark.
So, when going on a trip by plane or liner, you should always have at least one good lighter in your pocket, which is enough for a month of use.
Food
On a desert island, food problems usually do not complicate survival. On the shore you can get fish, mussels and other edible shellfish. Before entering the water, it will not be superfluous to make “slippers” out of leaves and ropes. The reefs are inhabited by warty (stone fish), the back of which is covered with poisonous spines.
It disguises itself as a stone and lies at the bottom, and it is almost impossible to notice such a fish. Poison can be fatal to humans, so it's better to protect yourself once again. If there are coconut palms on the island, this is a guarantee that you won’t be able to die of hunger here. Coconut flesh is very nutritious, water can be collected in the shell, and the hairs on the surface of the nut burn perfectly.
Bananas, mangoes, papaya can grow on tropical islands. Poisonous fruits such as ackee or carambola should be avoided. Hunting large animals alone is like signing your own death warrant. Many islands have herds of feral pigs, but they can be very dangerous.
These animals can only be hunted with firearms and a good supply of ammo to ensure that there are always ammo left for self-defense. Meat provides energy that cannot be obtained by eating fruits and shellfish, so sooner or later you will have to think about how you can include it in your diet.
Most safe way get meat - set traps.
Animals on uninhabited islands are unaware of the danger posed by humans and are unlikely to avoid the loops. Rats live on the islands, and you should not disdain their meat here - in major cities these animals carry dangerous diseases, but on uninhabited islands they are no different from ordinary rodents.
Self-defense and security
There should be a constantly maintained campfire next to the shelter. Wild animals are naturally afraid of fire and will never come close, so you need to measure how long a particular fire burns and, based on this, put enough new fuel into it every evening.
At night, forays into the depths of the island, or even just from the shelter, are highly undesirable, the search for food and household chores must be started before dark in order to finish them by darkness. But even during the day you can encounter a wild animal in the forest. In case of such a meeting with yourself, you need to have a weapon.
You can make a homemade knife from a sharpened piece of stone, a penknife will be useless against a large beast. In the forest, you can carry a burning torch with you. Clothing will help against insects; you need to try to keep it in its original form, do not spend it on making filters or canopies.
Finding ways to return to civilization
As soon as the first issues with the organization of survival are resolved, it is imperative to lay out the international distress signal “SOS” with branches on the coast. How more area coast, the larger the letters should be, no need to spare time and effort, this is the main hope for salvation. Another way to be discovered is to light a signal fire.
It is not like the usual one in that it consists of several long sticks. It is better to put it on some rock, hill, but this option is convenient only if the island is not the only survivor.
People can distribute duties and allocate several people to watch the signal fire at the top, but one person will survive on the shore, and, accordingly, having seen the ship, he will not have time to run up and light the fire. There are no restrictions on size and height, the more the better, the main thing is to quickly kindle it.
You can keep an ordinary small fire next to it to transfer the fire.
A passing ship is unlikely to be able to see a fire and fire, but it will definitely see smoke. The fire should smoke very strongly, and this cannot be achieved simply with dry branches. At the top, you need to store wet leaves (if the sun is shining, cover them with a canopy so that they do not dry out), they smoke perfectly in a fire, but the strongest source of smoke is plastic.
If there are bags or any unnecessary plastic items, you should not save them, but safely throw them into the fire. A person suffers survival on a desert island only out of hope for a speedy rescue, but a ship or a helicopter cannot be a guarantee of this. The ship may simply not notice the signals and sail past, or not pay attention at all.
A volcanic uninhabited island with dense vegetation can provide the possibility of an indefinite existence. If you properly settle down, cultivate wild plants and animals, then it is quite possible to stay on the island for a long time. But not every person is able to make such a decision and refuse the benefits of civilization, society of people and favorite work.
Many are willing to take risks to take matters into their own hands for the sake of an illusory hope. If you know in which part of the ocean the uninhabited island is located, you can estimate the distance to mainland and try to swim to it on your own. For this, a raft of logs is being built. You should not rush into construction, this is the most extreme and last step that Robinson can take.
Several times you should test the raft in shallow water, check how much cargo it can withstand, make oars and make a test swim around the island, build a sail. The maximum speed of the raft is 10 km / h, this is not the most fast way return to earth, especially in the ocean, where not all places have a current.
In 1947, the Norwegian traveler Thor Heyerdahl on the Kon-Tiki sailing raft sailed about 7 thousand kilometers in 100 days, so it is possible to escape from the island by swimming. Everything real stories about the people who survived on a desert island boil down to the same fact - they all knew how to find water, make fire and make simple tools.
The story of a boy who spent several years on the island is known, and he himself claimed that if he did not remember Robinson Crusoe in detail, he would never have been able to hold out for so long. Each person, for the sake of their safety, must have minimal skills, and then it’s up to the wild nature, which can help a person.
Article formatting: Lozinsky Oleg
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