In the southeastern part of the Crimean peninsula, 100 km from Simferopol, there is a cozy resort town of Sudak, which annually attracts tourists with its stunning landscapes, clean and transparent sea, mild climate, an abundance of attractions and, of course, developed tourist infrastructure. In the northern direction from the resort there are mountains covered with dense forest vegetation, the Kapsel valley stretches to the east, and the western mediterranean landscapes already familiar to Russian tourists.
The population of Sudak is more than 16,500 people, but during the holiday season this number increases significantly, and the guests of the resort are both family vacationers and groups of young people who appreciate high-quality, rich and interesting holidays. It is worth noting that Sudak is a favorite place among vacationers with an average income, because the prices here are much lower, for example, in Yalta, but the beaches and entertainment here are no worse, and may well compete with each other. Quite often, creative people come to Sudak hotels who write poetry, draw, and maybe look for their muse, and historians and geologists also come to the resort for the duration of the event. archaeological sites because the city has a rich history and is of great interest to them.
Pike perch attracts with stunningly beautiful landscapes, always gentle sun and warm sea, it is worth noting that it is here that the longest swimming season is observed. At the resort, sandy beaches are adjacent to forests and groves, a walk through which on a hot summer day will give you moments of coolness and peace. Do not forget that a large number of orchards and vineyards grow on the territory of Sudak. Guests of the city will get a lot of positive emotions from walking around its surroundings, because in Sudak a large number of ancient buildings of great historical value have been preserved. The main attraction of the city is the Genoese fortress, which everyone who stays in Sudak must see.
On the territory of the Sudak resort area there are several resort villages, each of which is attractive in its own way:
If we talk about the beaches of Sudak, they stretch from the Fortress Mountain to Cape Alchak for 2.5 km. Due to the presence of breakwaters and the location of the resort surrounded by mountains, there are no high waves here, it is also worth noting that the descent into the water is gentle and the depth is shallow, which is why the resort's beaches are the best place for families with small children. They are pebbly and equipped with everything necessary for a comfortable pastime - sun loungers and umbrellas, changing cabins, showers and toilets, equipment rentals and, of course, a cafe where you can order ice cream, fresh beer and other drinks and light snacks.
People come to hotels in the center of Sudak not only to relax and see local sights, but also to improve their health. The main specialization of the local boarding houses and sanatoriums is the treatment of the organs of the respiratory, cardiovascular and nervous systems, and the main resource is the unique climate of the resort.
Holiday season in Sudak
Sudak is an excellent place for family vacation and recovery. The prices here are pleasant compared to other resorts, the climate is favorable, and the tourist season lasts from May to October. We will consider holidays in Sudak at all times of the year so that you can choose the best period for your trip.
Rest in Sudak in the summer
The period of high tourist activity lasts from the end of June to the end of August. At this time, vacationers swim in the Black Sea and take sunbaths, as well as attend all kinds of festivals. Accommodation prices at this time are the highest, however, they are much lower than in the resorts of Greater Yalta, which is good news. The markets, beaches and streets of the resort become crowded, but if you are not embarrassed by a large number of tourists, welcome to Sudak at the height of the holiday season!
Sudak is the "sunniest" city of the Crimean peninsula, because there are about 2550 sundial in a year. Summer in the resort is hot, the air temperature rises to + 30 ° C and this is not the limit. It endures the sweltering heat with the help of fresh breezes blowing from the sea. As for the water temperature in the Black Sea, in early June it is +20°C, but by the end of the month it rises to +24-+25°C, and later it rises to +26°C.
Velvet season in Sudak
The beginning of autumn is an ideal time for a calm and measured rest. During this period, you can enjoy cool weather and deserted beaches, because there are many fewer vacationers. Another advantage of staying in the Velvet season are prices that drop somewhere by 25-30% compared to summer, for example, in autumn you can stay in a 4-star hotel for the price of a 2- or 3-star one, there is also no hype for buying tickets. If we talk about the weather, the temperature of the Black Sea in September is +21-+23°C, air - +23-+25°C.
Rest in Sudak in spring and autumn
Spring in Sudak is a very beautiful time, but at the very beginning of this season, the vagaries of the weather cannot be avoided, fogs often fall, it can rain, and so on. Closer to mid-April, the weather becomes stable, the sun shines almost every day, trees and shrubs bloom, and the sea air radiates the aromas of flowers and herbs. In the juniper valleys, crocuses and irises bloom in spring, this is an ideal time for walking and healing. Autumn is no less attractive in this regard, and it is much warmer than spring. A noticeable cooling comes only towards the end of October, when the thermometer drops to +14°C. Autumn pike perch is very beautiful and romantic, bright foliage falls from the trees, and stunning landscapes appear.
Rest in Sudak in winter
Winter Pike perch is characterized by cool and windy weather. Snow, on the contrary, falls extremely rarely, it rains much more often and the sea storms. The air temperature on a winter day varies from +3 to +8°C, abnormal frosts are extremely rare. If we talk about the water temperature in the Black Sea, it varies from 0 to +5°C.
10 things to do in Sudak:
- Visit the pride of the entire Crimean peninsula - the Genoese fortress in Sudak.
- Go fishing on the high seas.
- Visit the famous New World champagne factory.
- To visit the most interesting show in the dolphinarium.
- Take the whole family to the water park.
- See the evening party Sudak from the top of the Ferris wheel.
- Enjoy the natural beauties on a horseback ride.
- Play volleyball or table tennis.
- Spend the evening in one of the resort's cozy restaurants.
- It is good to relax and get a charge of positive emotions for the whole coming year.
Where to stay - hotels in Sudak
The greatest demand is for hotels located near the sea - in the area of Cypress Alley, the water park and the TOK "Sudak". There are a large number of hotels with a category of 3 stars, as well as boarding houses and mini-hotels. The cost of living varies widely and depends, first of all, on the category of the chosen accommodation facility and the range of services provided. If you prefer quiet areas, pay attention to hotels on the second and third coastlines. The road to the beach will take 15-20 minutes, while, as a bonus, you will get much more favorable prices and peace of mind, which is sometimes so lacking for residents of megacities. Many hotels in Sudak offer their guests equipped kitchens and cribs for little guests. To select the most suitable number according to all criteria, use
In the southeast of the Crimean peninsula, near a beautiful river, there is a small town - Sudak. The city got its name back in the days of the Ottoman Empire. In the Middle Ages, this city was the largest and most famous center trade on the Black Sea.
Today, Sudak has become a paradise for tourists from Russia and neighboring countries.
Pike now. Photo by Distance X (http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/n-160373/)
Vacationers are attracted by sights, quartz beaches and developed tourist infrastructure.
Climate and ecology
Sudak has a mild climate. There are practically no sharp temperature fluctuations in this part of the peninsula. Residents of the city and vacationers are pleased that there are very few cloudy days here. The sun shines brightly almost all year round. Rains here are extremely rare, and in winter there is practically no snow. In summer, the sea is warm, so you can swim in the warm sea for more than four months.
River in Sudak. Photo by yadavil (http://www.panoramio.com/user/5456171)
The main source of air pollution in Sudak is the city dump, where fires often occur. At meetings of the local council, this issue is often raised, but it still remains unresolved. Also, residents of the city are concerned about the problem associated with wastewater treatment. Although the construction of treatment facilities, which are located in the nearby village of Mindalnoye, has been started, it is progressing very slowly.
Smoke from a landfill in Sudak. Photo by tatimesh (http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/tatimesh/)
Population of Sudak
The population of Sudak is 15,368 people. But there are also many visitors who live in the city without a residence permit. So general population will be around 28,000 people. This figure has remained virtually unchanged since 1989. Russians, Ukrainians and Crimean Tatars live here.
Most of the city's residents are people aged 35-55 years. Young people are not eager to stay here. After leaving school, children go to study in other cities, since there are no higher educational institutions in Sudak. There are only technical schools, so most of the residents have a specialized secondary education. Often, young people find work at the place of study and stay there. Hence the low birth rate in Sudak.
Districts and real estate of Sudak
Despite the fact that Sudak is a small city, it is divided into 8 districts and a districtless zone.
Arealess zone
This is the most distant part of the city from the sea. Here the main attraction is the bus station. There are no hotels or restaurants here. In some places you can find a letnichek with draft beer for local residents.
Tourists who do not know the city can settle here in private households and then regret it for a long time. The price for living in a districtless zone is significantly lower than in resort areas. But it is worth considering the fact that you will have to stomp to the sea for quite a long time. Although, if you have personal transport, the problem will disappear by itself.
central District
It's practically the city itself. Schools, kindergartens, a technical school, a central market, residential high-rise buildings, the Forum and Surozh hotels are located here. When the influx of tourists subsides, this part of the city turns into an ordinary quiet sleeping area.
In the summer, here are the best conditions for vacationers: the sea is not far away, and at night it is quiet here and you can get enough sleep. This area is also attractive because all supermarkets are located here, and prices in restaurants are much lower than in establishments on the waterfront. The cost of housing for tourists here ranges from 20 to 50 dollars per day per person.
cozy area
This is the former settlement Uyutnoe, which was attached to the city. An interesting fact: earlier this village was Sudak itself. It was from this village that the construction of the city began. The area is very close to the beach, but the hotel and restaurant business is not very developed here.
There are no hotels here at all, shops are small stalls or wagons, and from the "restaurants" - this is a dining room. People, bypass it on the tenth road! God forbid you dine there. Well, unless, of course, you are not eager to see such an attraction as the city district hospital, which is located on Gvardeyskaya Street in the Central District.
Tourists can stay in Uyutny in the rooms rented out by residents in their houses and makeshift houses.
Embankment and Cypress Alley
This area can hardly be called a residential area. Here are some of the most expensive hotels in Sudak. From their windows there is a stunning view of the sea, and the service in hotels is at the highest level.
But still, in this part of the city there are more restaurants, bars, nightclubs and cafes. Here everyone will find a place for lunch, dinner or a night out. Life in this area is in full swing almost around the clock during the tourist season.
Cypress alley at night. Photo by macosXer
Already at 6 in the morning on the Cypress Alley, the trade in all kinds of souvenirs is seething. Sellers greet sleepy tourists with a smile, and after sunset, different music sounds from every corner. All establishments work until the last customer. Therefore, they close at 3-4 in the morning.
At this time, walking along the alley, you can see kitchen workers and waiters who put themselves to sleep right on the sofas in restaurants. These people in the holiday season just live at work. Also on the waterfront you can see many attractions and showroom- everything so that the tourist can spend a lot of money, but at the same time remain satisfied.
This is the new part of the city. So far, construction has not stopped here. Almost all streets are located on a hill.
Here is located the largest tourist and health complex "Sudak". There is very little greenery in the southwestern region. But every year its number increases. All the houses in the area are neat and nice to look at. Residents and entrepreneurs of the area take care of its beauty. Flowers are planted all year round, lawns are put in order. This part of the city can be called the most colorful for its variety of flowers.
This part of the city, long before the construction of the water park, was called the South-East District. On wastelands where there were vineyards and a helipad, construction continues. The restaurant business is well developed here, there are many hotels and private households that have been converted into mini-hotels.
This area is dominated by the private sector, where you can rent a room, bed or even a whole house. The prices are completely different. It all depends on the amenities, and, as they say, on the impudence of the owners of the houses. It is realistic to find housing for $5 a day, but mostly $20-50. The disadvantage of the area near the water park is the almost complete inconvenience of the new streets. Proximity to the sea will be a good plus, and what is especially good, to sparsely populated beaches and to the water park, and, of course, a beautiful view of the mountains.
The district got its name from the street that is part of it. In addition to Spendiarov Street, this includes Solnechny Lane and Aivazovsky Street. It is in this area that most of the owners of houses who offer "beds" and rooms for rent. You can even find these mini-hotels with meals. But it is worth remembering that the conditions in which food is cooked there may not be the best. Often these will be not the first freshness products, old kitchen equipment and dirt in the kitchen. Indeed, in most cases, one cook cooks, and there are many vacationers in such houses. It is better to overpay a little and dine in cafes, which are enough in the area.
The road to the beach will go through Cypress Alley. 15-20 minutes, and vacationers will "rest" in the central city beach.
There is also a store in the area that will satisfy the needs of any person in the products. But everyone should remember that the prices there are significantly higher than those presented in other stores. This supermarket is considered the most expensive. Most locals prefer to avoid it.
This is the greenest area of the city. There are a lot of trees here, but most of them are poplars, so in June there is simply no saving from fluff. The Spendiarov area, like the Central one, is calm, despite the fact that it rests on Cypress Alley. It is very convenient for tourists in that it is not far from the sea, and 5 minutes walk to the center.
The area was formed during the reign of Gorbachev. It included two streets - Biryuzova and Tankistov. This is the second most expensive area in the city of Sudak. It is here that all knowledgeable vacationers seek to settle. From this area, it is close to the sea, and to the resort center - Cypress Alley, and to the city center.
There are few official hotels in the area, but there are a lot of private houses. Wherever you knock, rooms for every taste are rented everywhere. It is in this area that there are many small cafes in which the cuisine is homemade and the atmosphere is pleasant. And in general, the Biryuzova district is quiet and green.
Marine area
This area is considered the most visited. Everyone who has a rest in Sudak visits this area in the direction of the Genoese fortress. It consists of two small streets - Morskoy and Ushakov. Only this area of the city is located directly on the waterfront. Even if you settle at the very end of the area, there will be no more than 500 meters to the sea.
There are a lot of hotels, hotels and boarding houses of various sizes. You can eat both on the waterfront and in the dining room. It is not at all like the one located in Uyutny. The prices at this establishment are pleasing to the eye, and the cuisine is very tasty. But in most cases, vacationers who settle in this area prefer to dine in expensive restaurants on the waterfront. The sea area is considered the most expensive part of the city. The prices here are simply cosmic. This area has many disadvantages: constant noise from the embankment, remoteness from the city center. But all these nuances are compensated by the proximity to the beaches and the mesmerizing view of the Genoese fortress.
The property
In Sudak, there are always a lot of offers to buy houses, apartments, cottages. Although this city is a resort, the cost of housing here is not too high. For example, a three-room apartment in the central area can be bought for 50-70 thousand dollars, but the same housing with a sea view will cost 90-120 thousand dollars. Prices, of course, also depend on the condition of the apartment. You can also buy suburban housing. For example, for 100-120 thousand dollars you can buy a good house 10x10 meters.
Infrastructure Status
The main problem of the inhabitants of the city of Sudak is the lack of normal water supply. Water most often enters the house by the hour (morning and evening). Residents are forced to acquire tanks that are filled at the time of supply. It often happens that there is no water for several days. For all the inconvenience, water tariffs go through the roof. One cubic meter costs almost $1. And heating in houses is not cheap. Residents of the city pay more than 80-100 dollars for a three-room apartment in the winter.
It is also expensive to pay utility bills. But here the question already arises: “Where does the money go?” The city has an almost complete lack of normal roads.
If in the central part there is asphalt, albeit in pits, but it is, then on the outskirts of the road there are only unpaved roads. Normal, renovated street only Marine.
As for public transport, only one thing can be said - the inhabitants of Sudak are used to walking. Only one bus runs all year round, which can take you to Dachnoye and Uyutny. During tourist time, another route is added, which can be used from the bus station to get to the valley of roses and to the water park.
There are also many taxis in the city. In winter, its cost is reasonable: 1-2 dollars, and you are in the right place. In the summer, taxi drivers are breaking space tariffs. Well, it will not be a sin to rip off an extra penny from a vacationer.
There are no problems with schools in Sudak. There were 13 schools in total. Many simply became hotels. There are three operating schools. One now bears the proud name "Gymnasium". It is there that all children want to gnaw at the granite of science.
School #2 has been recently renovated. The third school teaches children of the Crimean Tatars.
There is also a music school. But there is only one kindergarten. Of course, the authorities plan to open a second kindergarten. A lot of money was allocated for its construction, which is proceeding at a rapid pace. All residents hope that in autumn 2014 the new kindergarten will open its doors for kids.
Businesses and work in Sudak
There have always been problems with work in Sudak. There are no large enterprises in the city. Many residents cannot find a permanent place of work. The main source of income for Sudak residents is the Sudak state farm, which produces a wide range of dessert, table and dry wines.
SE "Sudak". Photo by 17Rising17
Most residents work during the tourist season. Cafes, bars, restaurants, hotels. In winter, the staff in them is reduced, and people are left without work. Many residents rent out their apartments and houses to holidaymakers. The income is enough to live comfortably through the winter.
Jobs can also be found in the markets. Central market, which operates all year round, provides employment for 300-400 people. There is also a fruit market on the cypress alley. He works for holidaymakers. Sudak residents sell homemade wine, oriental sweets, vegetables and fruits there. Prices in this market are much higher than in the central one.
There are also several supermarkets in Sudak: ATB, Svityaz, Guzel. Locals also work on the beaches during the holiday season, selling various goodies. With might and main there is a trade in souvenirs on the cypress alley. There is a small clothing market nearby.
As a result, we can say that most of the inhabitants of the city of Sudak work in the summer and rest in the winter.
Crime
Loud crimes are very rarely committed in Sudak. Mostly petty theft and drunken brawls. For example, in February of this year, a guy in a hood ripped off women's bags. There were three robberies, the offender fled and has not yet been found.
But still, there are several points that shocked the locals. Not so long ago, a young man raped a pensioner. The perpetrator was behind bars.
Awards were stolen from a veteran of the Second World War, which law enforcement officers managed to return.
Not so long ago, a man was caught who ordered the murder of his wife 17 years ago. All this time he was hiding from law enforcement agencies, but finally got caught.
Sights of Sudak
Sudak is a very beautiful city. Its main attraction is the Genoese fortress. Every resident of the city has been there more than once.
From the fortress opens beautiful view to the city. It seems that Sudak is located just in the palm of your hand when you are standing on the observation deck. Of course, the climb is very difficult, but every tourist must overcome it.
View from the fortress. Photo by grishinslawa (http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/grishinslawa/)
Another famous place in the city is the amusement park. It is better to come there after sunset. It glows with colorful lights. And from the Ferris wheel you can see the night Pike perch - a stunning picture will open to your eyes.
Do not pass by the restaurant "Veranda". It has great food and a romantic atmosphere.
The favorite hangout place for locals and tourists is SunSet openair club. It is located right on the shore of the Sudak Bay. There are interesting shows.
A modern attraction that attracts tourists and Sudak residents is a water park.
Of course, spending a day there is not cheap, but it's worth it. In the late evenings, foam parties are held there, after which a lot of emotions and impressions will remain. For children there are special slides and children's show programs with animators.
It is always pleasant to live and relax in Sudak, despite all its shortcomings. It can rightfully be on the list of the best tourist cities in Crimea!
Basic moments
From the west, urban development is bounded by Mount Fortress, on top of which rises the famous fortress. The towers and walls of the ancient fort are among the oldest buildings preserved in Sudak. From the north, the city is closed by Mount Taraktash or "Stone Comb", and its eastern part rests on the reserved cape Alchak. Many come to this cape for the sake of wonderful seaside landscapes and an interesting natural monument - the through grotto of the Aeolian Harp.
In the center of Sudak, you can see the Church of the Intercession, built in the first half of the 19th century. Another popular tourist attraction is the famous Sudak water park, which is located in the southern, resort part of the city.
Travelers come to Sudak for the beauty mild climate, excellent beach holiday and warm sea. There are several good beaches covered with quartz sand along the coastline. The swimming season lasts 138-140 days, and the number of sunny hours is 2550 per year, which is more than in Yalta (2220).
The city has a well-developed tourist infrastructure. Many hotels, boarding houses and guest houses have been built here, so there are no problems with accommodation. Offers from the private sector are especially popular. Rest in Sudak apartments, rooms and cottages is cheaper than in large cities of the Southern coast of Crimea.
Sudak has entertainment centers, museums, historical and natural attractions. The seaside town is small, so transportation from one end to the other is not needed. Walking tours are also possible in the vicinity of Sudak. In addition, local travel agencies offer everyone a lot of interesting excursions with visits to the most famous sights of the Crimean peninsula.
History of Sudak
The coastal settlement near the river flowing into the sea was founded in 212 by the Sughds. This name was borne by one of the tribes of the peoples of the Adyghe group. In the Middle Ages, the Crimean city was called differently: the Italians spoke of it "Soldaya", and the Greeks - "Sugdeya". The city expanded and grew due to merchants who sailed here from Italy and Greece, as well as artisans who came to work.
In the VI century, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I the Great decided to build fortifications on the Crimean coast. The city reached its greatest prosperity in the XII-XIII centuries, when the routes of the Great Silk Road were laid past it. In the middle of the XIV century, Soldaya was captured by the Genoese, and in 1475 by the army of the Ottoman Empire. The period of Turkish rule adversely affected the city. It fell into decay, and the number of people living here from year to year became less.
In 1783, Sudak, like other Crimean cities, became part of the Russian Empire. During the Great Patriotic War, this part of the Crimea was subjected to German-Romanian occupation, and when peace came, Sudak began to develop as a health resort and wine-making center.
Medieval fort and museum
The Genoese fortress is located in the western part of the city, not far from the sea coast, on top of the Fortress Mountain. The fortifications rise noticeably above the city blocks and therefore are visible from afar - both from Sudak itself and from the sea.
The exact time of the construction of the fortress is not known. Some historians believe that it appeared in Sudak in the 6th century by order of the ruler of the Byzantine Empire, Justinian I the Great. After the Byzantines, the Genoese took over the Crimea, who significantly rebuilt and strengthened the defensive structures.
Today, the majestic medieval fortress has become a popular tourist attraction. It covers an area of 30 hectares and is open to visitors every day: from May to September - from 8.00 to 19.00, and from October to April - from 9.00 to 17.00. Entrance to the territory is paid. You can explore the ancient fort on your own or with a guide.
The Genoese fortress has two lines of defense - external and internal. The outer line stretches along the northern slopes of the Fortress Mountain and consists of 14 towers and the Main Gate. The towers in this area of defense are up to 15 m high, and the walls between them are 6-8 m, with a thickness of up to 2 meters. The internal line of defense includes 4 towers. At the very top of the Fortress Mountain rises the Watch Tower, which is also called the Maiden Tower.
In the ancient fortress there is a massive stone building, known as the "arcade temple". This iconic building has an interesting history. In the XIII century, the Seljuk Turks erected the Padishah-Jami mosque in the Sudak fortress. When the Turkish domination ended, the Muslim temple was converted into a Greek Orthodox church, and the Genoese who came to power used it as a temple for Catholic worship.
In the 15th century, the Ottoman Turks settled on the peninsula, and they turned the religious building into a mosque. Time passed, Crimea became part of the Russian Empire, and an Orthodox church was again created here, consecrating it in honor of the Apostle Matthew. Approximately 600 years after its construction, in 1817 this church was closed due to dilapidation. However, the history of the ancient temple did not end there. In the 80s of the XIX century, it was restored and began to be used as an Armenian Catholic church.
Divine services here were interrupted in 1924 by the decision of the city authorities. Two years later, a museum was opened in an old stone building, telling about the history of the city of Sudak and the Genoese fortress. This museum is located in the former temple today.
For several years now, in the middle of summer, a large-scale holiday has been held in the ancient Genoese fortress - the colorful festival "Genoese Helmet". It is attended by members of historical reconstruction clubs, fencers, as well as residents of the city and tourists who came to Sudak. During the festival, exciting knightly tournaments and a spectacular storming of the fortress take place. Master classes are held for guests, where you can learn pottery and blacksmithing, as well as try on knightly armor.
Tower of Astagver (Portovaya) and the ancient temple of the Twelve Apostles
The Astagvera Tower and the Temple of the Twelve Apostles are located on a rocky hill to the west of the Genoese Fort, 150 meters north of the seashore. Previously, a section of the fortress wall adjoined the Astagver tower, which connected it with the Corner tower of the main fortification. The fortification was built in 1386 to protect the city's port. The place was chosen well - between two rocky peaks. The tower was named after the commandant of Soldaya, Federico Astagver.
On the masonry of the tower, you can see many bas-relief slabs on which crosses of various sizes are carved. Researchers believe that these are tombstones that the builders brought from a nearby cemetery. All walls, except for the northern one, are plastered. Closed on all sides, the three-story tower stands on a massive square foundation and has four tiers. There are loopholes on each wall so that the defenders can fire in any direction. In addition, battlements were made at the very top of the tower, which provided protection for the archers.
The ancient builders thought of everything to the smallest detail and made sure that the people who defended the tower could stay in it for a long time. On both sides of the fortification, large containers were carved into the rocky ground, filled with water from a small mountain stream, so medieval warriors were always provided with a sufficient supply of drinking water.
Near the Astagver tower, on a rocky hill, stands the ancient temple of the Twelve Apostles. Soldaya was a trading city and grew from the seaside part. Near the city port there were houses of residents, merchant shops, craft workshops and outbuildings. During archaeological excavations in this part of Sudak, coins and ceramics of the 3rd-4th centuries were found.
In the X-XII centuries, a small stone basilica was built for the inhabitants of the harbor. From the hewn stone slabs in the church, they made one five-sided apse and consecrated the temple in honor of the prophet Elijah.
In those days, the coastline looked different. Over the past centuries, the water level in the Black Sea has risen by 3-4 m, the rising sea water has absorbed coastline, and the old harbor is now located at the bottom of the sea. However, the ancient basilica with a gable roof was erected on a hill and has survived to this day next to the majestic Port Tower.
It is known that before World War II, inside the temple, one could see a wall image of Jesus Christ and his closest disciples gathered for the Last Supper, which is why the new name was assigned to the ancient church. It began to be called the Temple of the Twelve Apostles. In 2009, it was restored, and now it is a functioning Orthodox church.
Temples in Sudak
The Church of the Intercession of the Virgin rises in the center of Sudak, 0.65 km southeast of the bus station, on the street. Lenina, 27. This temple was founded in 1819 and began to be built on donations from the townspeople. However, the collected money was not enough, the construction dragged on and was completed only in the 1840s. The church, consecrated in honor of the Intercession of the Virgin, is interesting as a place where members of the Russian imperial family came several times.
Services in the temple were held until 1936, then, during the period of an active anti-religious campaign, it was closed to believers, and the bell tower was destroyed. During the Nazi occupation, the church was reopened to parishioners. She received the inhabitants of Sudak until 1962, when the temple was again closed by decision of the authorities. Inside the cult building, the Palace of Pioneers began to work, and after it - repair shops. In the early 1990s, the old church was restored.
The cross-domed temple has entrances from three sides. According to the architectural traditions of the mid-19th century, they are decorated with columns and triangular pediments. To the left and right of the doorway you can see beautiful mosaics depicting saints. Today the temple is active and is open as a courtyard of the Kiziltash monastery.
Another, more ancient temple - the Church of St. Paraskeva is located on the western outskirts of Sudak, on Primorskaya Street, 13. It is located in the center of the modern resort village of Uyutnoye, under the walls of the Genoese fortress.
Historians believe that the small church was built in the 10th-12th centuries. This is a one-story stone building with a gable roof covered with tiles. In former times, there was a large cemetery around it, but today only two tombstones have survived from the old churchyard. One slab stands on the grave where the family members of the scientist Christian Steven are buried, the same one, thanks to whom the famous Nikitsky Botanical Garden was founded. The second tombstone covers the grave of the St. Petersburg artist Kondaraki.
Nowadays, the church of Paraskeva Pyatnitsa has been well restored, and divine services are regularly held in it. Near the Orthodox church you can see a one-story building of the Lutheran church. It appeared in Sudak at the end of the 19th century for members of the German colony, whose members began to settle near the Genoese fortress from 1805.
Museum "Dacha Funka"
To the east of the Genoese fortress, in a beautiful two-story house that appeared in Sudak at the beginning of the 20th century, there is an interesting historical museum (Ushakova Street, 1). It got its name from the name of the owner of the house - Fedor Fedorovich Funk, the manager of the estate of K. A. Gorchakov.
Museum exhibits occupy four halls. The first of them exhibits archaeological finds dating back to the Paleolithic. At the "Dacha Funk" you can see objects from the settlement of the Taurians, the sanctuary of the Goths, the Alanian burial ground and the ancient Greek fort. The second and third halls of the museum are dedicated to the history of Sudak during the reign of the Byzantines, Khazars and Venetians. The last hall of the museum exhibition tells about the periods of the Principality of Theodoro and the Ottoman Empire. "Dacha Funka" is open to visitors daily, except Monday, from 9.00 to 18.00.
Excursion to Cape Alchak-kaya
Cape Alchak-kaya limits the urban development of Sudak from the east. Today it is a protected area, and for travelers the entrance is paid. A hill located on the seashore is all that remains of the ancient coral reef. Alchak-kaya received the status of a natural monument in 1988, and today it is protected by local forestry.
At the foot of the cape, where the small river Suuk-su flows into the Black Sea, archaeologists have found a Bronze Age site, as well as coins minted in the 3rd century, when the Bosporan kingdom existed. Walking along the picturesque cape takes about an hour and a half. The hiking trail is surrounded by thickets of pistachio trees, barberries and bushes of prickly rose hips.
From the top point of Alchak-kai (152 m) a beautiful panorama of the sea coast opens up. From here you can clearly see the Genoese fortress and the resort part of Sudak. On the slope facing the city, there is a through grotto of the Aeolian Harp, which was formed in the rock as a result of centuries of erosion.
Water entertainment center
Known to all Crimeans, the Sudak water park is located in the southern part of the city, at the foot of Alchak-Kaya Mountain, at the address: st. Gagarin, 79. Its territory adjoins the city embankment and is only a hundred meters away from the sea. The water park in Sudak is open during the summer tourist season, every day, from 10.00 to 18.00.
There are 6 pools and 9 slides for visitors, the height of which ranges from 10 to 14 m. The spacious pool has a three-level depth, fountains, a jacuzzi and a river with a counter-flow.
For young visitors to the water park, a separate pool has been created with a three-level depth, safe for swimming for kids from 2 years old. The children's pool has three slides, fountains and an entertainment sports complex in the form of a ship. It is very important that the pool for children is equipped with autonomous water purification and disinfection systems.
Restaurants and cafes
Public catering is developed in Sudak, so there are many restaurants, cafes, canteens, eateries and bars in the city. In most of them, prices are about the same, only establishments on the waterfront sell with a noticeable markup.
During the summer tourist season, boiled corn, wafer sticks with condensed milk, baklava, chak-chak, fresh raspberries, mulberries and peaches, smoked perch, manti, pilaf, as well as mashed potatoes with meatballs and salad are sold on the beaches of Sudak.
A lot of fast food is also presented on Cypress Alley. Here, travelers can buy rolls with chicken, fragrant pastries chir-chir - a local analogue of cheburek and triangular pies - samsa baked in the tandoor.
During your vacation in Sudak, you should try dishes of the Crimean cuisine. Local culinary traditions have been formed for many centuries. Despite the fact that the peninsula is inhabited by representatives of more than 80 nationalities, the dishes of the Crimean Tatars give a distinctive flavor to the local cuisine. These are, first of all, meat treats: "kubete" - a pie stuffed with lamb, potatoes and onions; "Yufahash" - small dumplings with lamb, which are usually eaten with broth, where they were cooked; sarma - meat "stuffed cabbage rolls" wrapped in grape leaves, and, of course, the Crimean lagman - hearty rich lamb soup with vegetables and special noodles.
No less tasty and varied are the dishes of traditional Karaite cuisine: “buber dolmasy” - peppers stuffed with vegetables, duck under dough, Karaite pies, meatballs with nuts and raisins, turkey with quince, as well as melon jam with dogwood.
In Sudak, you should try fried Black Sea fish - red mullet, as well as dishes from flounder and mullet. Some restaurants in the city serve perfectly cooked julienne of mussels and rapans.
The taste of the Crimean holiday will be incomplete without fragrant jam made from rose petals, dogwood or quince. Also excellent Crimean wines are sold in Sudak. Massandra wines are famous for their excellent quality and aroma. It is desirable to use them chilled to +16 ºС. And tea lovers will certainly appreciate fragrant Crimean teas with mountain herbs.
Special offers for Sudak hotels
How to get there
The nearest airport to Sudak is located 107 km from the city, in Simferopol. It accepts flights from Moscow and other major Russian cities. From the Simferopol bus station to Sudak several times a day there are direct and passing regular buses. During the holiday season, they start running at 5.30 and end at 20.30. Buses run frequently, every 20 minutes. The road to Sudak takes about two hours. In addition, if desired, you can take a taxi to the coast.
During the high season, people come to Sudak using the “Single Ticket” provided by Russian Railways. To do this, they get to Krasnodar or Anapa by train, and then they get to Sudak by bus through ferry crossing"Port Kavkaz" - "Port Crimea".
From Sudak there are regular bus services to Feodosia, Sevastopol and Novyi Svet. In addition, many buses run daily from the city bus station, connecting Sudak with the nearest resort suburbs.
Zander- a resort town on the southeastern coast of Crimea on the shores of the Sudak Bay, bounded from the west Mount Fortress, and from the east - Cape Alchak. From the north, the city is also surrounded by mountains.
As of 2015, the population was 16,615.
Climate
The climate of Sudak is mild, without sharp temperature fluctuations, arid. Precipitation falls almost two times less than in Yalta.
Summers are warm and sunny, with many hot days, especially in July and August, when temperatures can rise to +38°C. The sea warms up early and stays warm for a long time. Cold currents are rare average temperature water is +18.7 °С in June, +22.7 °С in July, +22.2 °С in August, +20.2 °С in September, +17.4 °С in October.
Winter is harsher than south coast Crimea, but snow rarely falls and melts quickly.
Story
On the site of modern Sudak, people appeared in the Paleolithic period (80-30 thousand years BC).
In the 1st millennium BC, Taurians lived here, later, around the 4th century BC. there was a Hellenic colony of Atheneon.
The date of foundation of Sudak is considered to be the year 212, when the Sugdeya fortress was built by the Sugds (one of the Zikh (Adyghe) tribes, formerly known as Sinds).
In the VI century, by order of the Byzantine emperor Justinian I, a fortress was built in Sudak.
From the middle of the 7th century new masters appear here - the Khazars.
From the middle of the 8th century intensive immigration of Byzantine Greeks to the Crimea began. Thanks to the convenient geographic location the city quickly grew and developed, becoming the richest of the Crimean cities. This is where the caravans set off along the Silk Road.
During these times, Sudak received various names: Sugdeya, Sugdaya, Sidagios - from the Greeks, Sourozh - from the Russians, Soldaya - from the Genoese, Sugdeets - from the Byzantines, Sugdak, Surdak, Soltak, Sudak, Sholtaya - from the eastern tribes. Even the Black Sea during this period was called Surozh on some maps.
In the ninth century Crimea entered the sphere of political and commercial interests of Kievan Rus, as a result of which strong trade ties were established between them.
In 1222, the Seljuk Turks attacked the city, plundered the city and left it. Surozh was plundered again in 1239. After that, the Tatars settled in the Crimea, which became one of the uluses of the Golden Horde. The city during this period was repeatedly ruined.
In 1365, the Genoese attacked Surozh, took it by storm, and also captured 18 more villages in the district. After the fall of the city, the Genoese captured the entire coast from the Bosporus (Kerch) to Chersonesos (Sevastopol). Pike perch in this period was called Soldaya.
It was during this period that the Sudak fortress was built by the Genoese.
Trade at that time was concentrated in the capital of Cafe (Feodosia), the inhabitants of Soldaia were engaged in agriculture, mainly growing grapes.
In 1475, Sudak was conquered by the Ottoman Empire, the Turkish garrison was stationed in the Sudak fortress, however, the city fell into decay.
During the Russian-Turkish war of 1768-1774, Russian troops liberated the Crimea. To strengthen the coast, A.V. Suvorov, the commander of the troops in the Crimea, built fortifications and placed garrisons. An artillery redoubt was erected in the Sudak fortress and a garrison was built for the soldiers and officers of the Kirillovsky regiment.
In 1783, Sudak, along with the entire Crimea, went to the Russian Empire. Having received the land of Sudak, Prince Potemkin took up land development, ordered the planting of vines, mulberry, almond, lemon and fig trees.
At the end of the 18th - beginning of the 19th century, the city was almost completely depopulated and turned into a small village; according to the 1805 census, only 33 people lived in the abandoned city. Sudak regained the status of a city only in 1982.
During the Great Patriotic War from October 1941 to April 1944 it was occupied by the German-Romanian troops. In January 1942, Sudak troops landed in the city, which liberated the city and kept it from superior enemy forces for almost two weeks. Almost all paratroopers died in battle.
In the post-war period, Crimea was revived again. Gradually, winemaking revived, cut down gardens were restored, new health resorts were built.
Currently, Sudak is one of the most famous resort cities in Crimea.
Beaches
A distinctive feature of Sudak is the presence of quartz sand beaches. There are also gravel and sand-pebble areas. The entrance to the sea is convenient - almost everywhere it is gentle and without stones. Big waves are rare.
Zander. City beach and view of Alchak-Kaya mountain
The beaches are located all the way from Mount Fortress and almost to Cape Alchak. Here you will find all the necessary infrastructure for recreation: sun loungers, umbrellas, changing rooms, cafes and shops.
Wild beaches are located near the town of Krepostnaya and around Alchak, the bottom is rocky there. In some places you will have to go down between large boulders.
Sand and pebble beaches are also located in the Kapsel Bay, located between Alchak and Meganom.
Pebble beaches also stretch along Cape Meganom, but you will have to get there by transport.
sights
Genoese fortress
The fortress is located on the Fortress Hill, the height of which is 157 m. The area of \u200b\u200bthe fortress occupies almost 30 hectares.
The fortress has a very good location, thanks to which it is practically impregnable: from the south and east, the fortress is located on sheer mountain, in the west the fortress is difficult to access, in the northeast a deep ditch was artificially created.
The fortification complex of the fortress consists of two lines of defense.
The bottom line is presented as a massive wall, up to 8 m high and 2 m thick. Along the wall, 14 towers were erected for enhanced defense. The height of the best preserved towers is approximately 15 m. Each tower was named after the consul under whom it was built.
The upper line of defense consists of the main tower and the citadel, connected into one complex by a wall extending along the entire crest of the mountain to the west. At the very top of the mountain there is a complex of destroyed defensive structures and a watchtower.
Every summer, the International Knights Festival "Genoese Helmet" takes place on the territory of the fortress. Within the framework of which knightly tournaments, competitions of historical costume are held, the “City of Masters” operates.
Cape Alchak
Cape Alchak, 152 meters high, is located east of Sudak. It closes the vast Sudak Bay in the east and separates the Sudak valley from the Kapsel. Alchak is the oldest coral reef.
There is an ecological trail along Alchak. The route begins at the end of the embankment, where the Suuk-Su River flows into the sea. On the western slope of the mountain there is an "Aeolian Harp" - a rock with a large through hole.
It is not difficult to climb to the top of the cape, and the views from there are simply wonderful: Cape Meganom, Kapselskaya and Sudakskaya bays, Cape Kapchik.
Cape Meganom
Meganom is the name of not only a cape, but also a peninsula and a mountain on it. The cape is located 8 kilometers east of Sudak. The maximum height of the mountain is 358 meters.
Meganom is considered one of the sunniest and driest points of the Crimea, which is why the vegetation of the peninsula is quite scarce.
The water near the cape is very clean, which is why divers like to dive here, for whom the anchor graveyard and the underwater elevator shaft are of interest, which is a vertical hole in a huge stone block, starting at a depth of about seven meters and going down eight meters. At the bottom of it there are three moves that allow you to swim out of the mine.
There is a lighthouse on the cape, and you can also see the "windmills" that previously supplied the village of Solnechnaya Dolina with electricity. But in recent years, the power plant has stopped working. Also previously located there military base, now also abandoned.
Megan was chosen by ufologists and followers of some esoteric teachings. The ancient Greeks believed that Meganom was the entrance to the realm of the dead - Hades. Meganom is considered one of the "places of power", a magnetic anomaly. Tell about mysterious circles yellow color, which sometimes become brighter, then dim again. Getting into a faded circle threatens with a breakdown for several days. Others say that they saw UFOs, some - ghosts: a "Meganome boy" dragging a lamb and a ghost ship into the abyss.
Ai-George
Ai-George - a mountain 498 meters high, located in the east of the city of Sudak. The mountain got its name in honor of the medieval Christian monastery, which was located at the foot of the peak.
The left side of the mountain is a steep rock covered with trees and shrubs, the right side is loose beams and ravines.
There is a source of clean drinking water on the mountain.
The ascent to the top of Ai-George is gentle and uncomplicated. Juniper, Crimean oak, hornbeam, artificial pine plantations are found everywhere. From the top you can see Sudak in all its glory, you can see Mount Perch, Sokol, Cape Alchak, Kapsel, Cape Meganom, the village of Dachnoe.
Mount Perchem
Mount Perchem is the highest point in the Sudak region. Its height is 576 meters, but it has several peaks. The mountain is located to the west of Sudak. A low forest grows on the slopes of the mountain: oaks, junipers, hornbeams.
On the way to Perch, in the crevice of Mount Goloya, there is the Sudak cave.
At the foot of the mountain and on its slopes you can find the remains of ancient buildings (temples and monasteries), however, now almost completely destroyed.
On top of Perchem, eight circles of stone are stacked, the origin of which is not known.
From the top you can see Sudak, especially well - the Genoese fortress, Alchak and Meganom. In the west you can see Ayu-Dag.
Taraktash
Taraktash is a mountain located three kilometers from Sudak near the village of Dachnoye. Picturesque rocks heights up to 440 meters are also used for rock climbing.
For lovers hiking the route should start from the north side, from the village. Dachnoe, where the slope is more gentle.
At the foot of the mountain there is a valley with a beautiful lake.
Several ancient settlements and sanctuaries of the first centuries of our era have been discovered on the slopes of the mountain.
Some see the profile of the lying Lenin in the outlines of the ridge (when viewed from the side of Sudak).
On the other side of the highway there is a rock that looks like a frog from a distance - Bakatash. Because of this, the frog has become one of the symbols of Sudak.
7 kilometers west of Sudak is the small village of Novy Svet with its famous champagne factory, Golitsyn trail and Tsarskaya Bay.
Maps of Sudak
Below are the tourist maps and schemes of Sudak, which you can view (by clicking with the mouse and enlarge the image), as well as download to your computer and print, take them with you on a trip!
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