Geographical position
Cyprus is the third largest island in the mediterranean. It is located in the northeastern Mediterranean. Geographically, it belongs to Asia. total area the island is 9,251 sq. kilometer. Its length from east to west is 240 km, and from north to south it reaches 100 km.
The state is located on the island Republic of Cyprus. But 36% of the island is controlled by , 3,7% —UN(buffer area), 2.7% - Great Britain(military bases of Akrotiri and Dhekelia). Since 1974, the territory of the island has been divided into two parts. The TRNC is recognized as an independent state only by Turkey, Abkhazia and the Autonomous Republic of Nakhichevan (Azerbaijan).
The territory of the Republic of Cyprus is 5.9 thousand square meters. km., Northern Cyprus - 3.35 thousand square meters. km. In the north, the coastline of the island is indented and rocky, in the south it is flat, with long sandy beaches. Most of the island is covered in mountains. In the center and southwest of Cyprus lies a vast old Troodos volcanic massif. Here is located the highest point of the island - Mount Olympos, whose height is 1951 m. The Kyrenia mountain range stretches along the northern coast. Its western part is higher, some peaks here exceed 1 thousand meters. highest point here is Mount Akromanda, whose height is 1023 m.
The territory of the Republic of Cyprus also includes nearby islands Agios Georgios, Geronissos, Glyukiotissa, Kila, Kiedes, Cordylia and Mazaki.
Town Nicosia is the capital of both the Greek and Turkish parts of the island.
Cyprus has subtropical mediterranean climate is even throughout the year. The climate of Cyprus is considered to be the most temperate and healthy in the world.
Summer average temperature here it is from +25 C to +35 C, and in winter - from +17 C to +19 C. The best time to relax and in Cyprus you can call spring and autumn. Winter on the island is very short and mild. In the highlands in winter, the temperature drops several degrees below zero and snow falls. Therefore, you can even ski until the beginning of April.
Cyprus has over 320 sunny days a year. Annual rainfall in the plains is 300-500 mm, in the mountains - 1000-1300 mm.
In summer, precipitation is extremely rare, and droughts occur. The largest number rains falls between December and February.
average temperature sea water off the coast in July is 23 C, and in February - 14 C. bathing season it lasts almost the whole year.
In summer, the weather is very hot, when the air temperature can exceed 40 degrees.
From cities least rainfall have to to Nicosia, the greatest- to Kyrenia.
Air humidity averages 60-80% in winter and 40-60% in summer.
Visas, entry rules, customs rules
Citizens of Russia and other CIS countries need to apply for a visa to travel to Cyprus.
The term for issuing a visa is one day from the date of submission of documents.
Republic of Cyprus may refuse at the entrance to persons in whose passport there is a stamp on visiting the Republic of Macedonia. This is due to the dispute between this state and Greece over its name.
Movement between two parts of the island is free with a visa of the Republic of Cyprus. Visa of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus issued upon entry. The validity of insurance can not extend into Turkish territory.
Those returning from the northern part of the island may have a customs inspection. Prices in Turkish territory are much lower, so the import of goods from it is limited.
Persons with a visitor visa They have no right to conduct labor activity. A work permit must be obtained prior to arrival in the Republic of Cyprus.
To visit Northern Cyprus for citizens of Russia and the CIS countries, a visa not required.
Not no time frames and restrictions for visiting Northern Cyprus from the Greek part of the island.
Government of the Greek part of the island do not recognize entry and exit from the island through the ports and airports of Northern Cyprus.
At the entrance to the Greek part of the island, there may be denied tourists who arrived on the island through Northern Cyprus. If the tourist's passport contains marks of the ports of the Turkish part of Cyprus, then he may be denied a Cypriot visa in the future. Therefore, the authorities of Northern Cyprus offer tourists special cards that mark entry and exit.
Import and export of currency is not limited. When entering Cyprus from the territory of countries that are not members of the EU, necessarily you need to declare amounts exceeding 10 thousand euros. Gold and jewelry must be indicated in the customs declaration.
For imported goods that exceed the specified limits, you will have to pay duty in the amount of 3.5% of their customs value plus VAT.
An exception are items of sports ammunition and equipment for active rest under the conditions of their mandatory export from the territory of the country.
Without permission it is forbidden import into the country drugs and narcotic drugs, firearms and ammunition, medications, edged weapons, explosives, pornographic materials. The same applies to plants and flowers with soil, some food products, animals and birds, as well as haberdashery and souvenirs made from endangered species of plants and animals. It is forbidden import into Cyprus from Asian and African countries products of animal origin in an amount of more than 1 kilogram.
From May 1, 2009 to the territory of the EU countries it is forbidden import products that contain meat or milk. Ban does not apply for baby food and special medical preparations. They must be carefully packed, and their weight should not exceed 2 kilograms.
Plants, animals and plant products necessary present to quarantine officials. Pets must have a certificate of vaccination, which was issued no earlier than 10 days before departure, as well as an international veterinary certificate.
Forbidden to export from the territory of Cyprus any antiquities and objects found at the bottom of the sea. Violators are subject to criminal prosecution. Allowed free export of copies of antique works, which are sold everywhere.
Population, political condition
The population of the island for several centuries consists of two ethnic groups: Greeks and Turk. After the partition of Cyprus, most Greek population lives on South, a turks reside in the north. total population is about 900 thousand people, of which there are 650,000 Greeks, 160 thousand Turks. Cyprus also has 17,000 English, from 20 to 50 thousand Russians, 4 thousand Armenians.
In the village SawLarnaca district under a UN-appointed administration, both population groups live.
Having gained independence, the Republic of Cyprus became one of the founders Non-Aligned Movements. Moreover, all three guarantor powers (Britain, Greece and Turkey) were members of NATO.
In 2004, Cyprus withdrew from this Movement to join the European Union, but retained a special observer status in this organization.
Under the 1960 Constitution, Cyprus is presidential republic. The president and vice president were elected respectively by the Greek and Turkish communities for a five-year term.
After the split of the island Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus headed The President and prime minister responsible to National Assembly.
TRNC authorities reject sovereignty Republic of Cyprus over the entire island. Republic of Cyprus and other UN member countries do not recognize TRNC, and denote it as territories occupied by Turkish troops". The exception is Turkey.
The Republic of Cyprus is divided into 6 districts. Here there are four exclaves, which belong British sovereign bases Akrotiri and Dhekelia.
Between the Greek and Turkish sectors is located UN buffer zone. It is also de facto (but not de jure) an exclave.
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the population of Northern Cyprus. This is due to the Turkish policy of attracting the population there.
On April 1, 2004, southern Cyprus joined the EU. After that, the borders between the two parts of the island were opened for the free movement of tourists and local residents.
The official languages of the Republic of Cyprus are Greek and Turkish.
Official language of Northern Cyprus is an Turkish. Very common English language , in the service sector are also widespread French and Deutsch.
What to see
Nicosia (Lefkosia) has been the capital of Cyprus since the 10th century. and one of the oldest cities in the world. The first settlements appeared here in the Bronze Age. Then the city was called Ledra.
Capital now divided by a demarcation line into two parts. central part city has a radial layout, it is surrounded by Venetian wall.
Famous Gate of Famagusta considered one of the architectural masterpieces of this protective ring. Nowadays, in their interiors, Exhibitions and musical evenings.
The oldest Byzantine church city is Chrysaliniotissa which was built in 1450. It is located a few hundred meters north of the Famagusta Gate, the church houses collection of Byzantine icons.
Almost everything is in the old town. sights of the capital. old quarter Laiki Getonya ("neighborhood block"), with its narrow streets and old limestone houses, is located next to Platea Eleftherias Square (Freedom Square), against Bastion D "Avila.
Worth to visit Leventis (Nicosia Municipal Museum), which has an interesting exposition on the history of the city. Cyprus Jewelery Museum It has a collection of jewelry, religious objects, etc.
Behind the Leventis Museum is located Tripiotis church which is famous for its iconostasis. East of Ledra Street is Faneromeni Church. In it buried Cypriot clergy who were executed by the Turks in 1821.
Located in the center of the capital Archbishop's Palace. He is the residence of the highest ecclesiastical person of Cyprus. Installed in front of him Monument to Archbishop Makarios III, which the was the first president of independent Cyprus. In the territory of the archbishopric is located Cathedral St. John with wonderful frescoes.
In the residence of the archbishop are located Byzantine Museum and Art gallery which has one of the best in the world collections of Byzantine icons of the 8th-9th centuries.
On the ground floor of the old residence of the archbishop is Folk Art Museumwith ceramics, wood, clothing etc.
Nearby is a luxurious House of Hadjigeorgakis Kornesios. It disposes exposition of icons, ceramics, coins and kitchen utensils. At the Museum of National Resistance collected materials related to the struggle of the Cypriots against the British colonialists.
municipal park, located outside the Venetian walls, is great place for relax.Museum of Cyprus is an the largest archaeological museum on the island.
Worth the attention of tourists also: Cyprus Postal and Philatelic Museum, Ammochostos Gate, Statue of Liberty, Modern Art Gallery.
Not far from Nicosia is located ostrich farm "Ostrich Park" v village of Ahera.
Town Limassol lies on the south coast of the island. He is second largest city after Nicosia. Located north of the city mountain range Troodos.
Kolossi Castle was built in 1454 Knights of the Order of the Hospitallers. It is located 10 km. west of the city. The three-story tower of the castle has a height of 25 meters. In the basement of the castle there are old wineries, it was here that the famous wine was born " Commandaria".
200 meters from old port"the famous Fortress of Limassol. It was built at the beginning of the 14th century. on the ruins of a Byzantine castle. In her chapel in 1191 the English king Richard the Lionheart and Berengaria of Navarre were married. After numerous reconstructions, the fortress was placed Medieval Museum.
Opposite the fortress is Jami Kebir Mosque, located next to it Turkish baths Hamam.
Bishop's Palace of Limassol stands at the intersection of Eirinis and Enoseos streets. On the seashore there are City Park and Zoo. Here every year in August - September the famous wine festival.
Near " old port" situated plant KEO, which is the most famous winery of the island. Here you can is free visit a tour of the workshops and wine cellars.
Folk Art Museum situated on Agio Andreio. At the Art Gallery kept a collection of works by contemporary Cypriot artists.
Limassol District Archaeological Museum interesting finds from the nearby ancient cities of Kourion and Amathus.
Amathus represents one of the oldest cities on the island. His ruins lie on the coast about 5 km. east of Limassol. This city came a thousand years BC and lasted sixteen centuries. In the 7th century n. e. it was destroyed by the Arabs. And finally destroyed this city Richard the Lionheart who landed here in 1191. Modern archaeologists discovered here: Sanctuary of Aphrodite, early Christian basilica, ruins of bathhouses and culvert systems.
The ancient city of Kourion was founded about in 1200 BC eh. It is believed that it was founded by the Greeks, who participated in the Trojan War. Kourion was one of the largest city-states of Cyprus. He towered on a 70-meter cliff. Until the end of the Roman era, Kourion was a major trading and cultural center region.
Residents left the city after the devastating earthquakes. Here you can see Roman baths and rich houses, beautiful mosaics, the sanctuary of Apollo Khilati(VII century BC). In the ancient theater of the II century. BC e. summer so far performances of Greek tragedy.
Nearby is the village of Episkopi, which has a small Archaeological Museum Kourion. It exhibits finds from Kourion and nearby places.
Outside of Limassol is the largest water park in Cyprus - Fasouri Water Mania.
Troodos mountain range, overgrown with pines, stretched for 80 km. In the picturesque mountain villages of the Solea region, there are many mountain resorts . In Troodos is summer residence of the President of Cyprus. In the vicinity of Mount Olympos, from January to March, you can ride by ski.
A few kilometers northwest of the mountain village of Pano Platres is located Kikko monastery. Its current buildings were built in the 18th century. He is the most famous and richest monastery of the island. This monastery was built specifically to store one of the three "holy" icons. It is believed that the Apostle Luke wrote it with his own hand from the Mother of God. The icon is in the monastery church.
There is more here belt, which the helps women recover from infertility. The monastery was restored in the late 80s of the XX century. Its largest bell was cast in Russia.
Chrysoroyatissa Monastery was founded in 1152. He also famous for the icon of the Mother of God, written by the apostle Luke, and their wines.
Village of Pano Panagia located 2 km. north of the monastery. It was the birthplace of the future president of Cyprus Archbishop Makarios. Now in his house is located Museum.
Stavrovouni monastery rises on top of a lonely mountain. It was built on the site of an even older Temple of Aphrodite. The main shrine of the monastery is fragment of the "holy cross",on which Christ was crucified.
Small Ashinu Church located near the village of Nikitari, 40 km. west of Nicosia. Well preserved here frescoes, the oldest of which date back to 1105. These frescoes are considered one of the best examples of Byzantine art of that era.
Larnaca city built on site Kition, which was founded by the grandson of Noah and was mentioned in the Bible. Larnaca is the third largest city on the island.
In the 18th century, this city became an important trading center in Cyprus. The city is popular resort area.
It is believed that this is where he lived. Saint Lazarus who was resurrected by Christ. He was the first bishop of present-day Larnaca. In the city center stands Church of St. Lazarus built in the 9th century.
Larnaca fortress was built in 1625. She stands at the southern tip Palm promenade (Phinikoudes). This promenade is a popular promenade. On it is installed bust of the Greek commander Cimon, who died in 449 BC. e. during the liberation of Cyprus from the Persians.
The fortress was used as a fort and as a prison, now it has a small Museumwith finds from ancient Kition and other areas of the island.
Located next to the fortress Jami Kebir Mosque, which the Turks rebuilt from the Catholic Cathedral.
One of the old quarters of Larnaca Laiki Getonya ("neighbourhood") has been restored. Archaeological Museum located on the square Calogreon. The excavation site of Kition is located just behind the museum building. Here you can see remnants of the walls, which were erected around the 13th century. BC e.
The most famous museum of Larnaca is an Museum of Pieridis. It contains a fine private collection, dedicated to the history of Cyprus. The museum also has a shop.
Village Kiti located 11 km. southwest of Larnaca. Here you can visit Church of Panagia Angeloktistos. Legend says it was built by angels.
ancient mosaic, depicting the Virgin Mary with Christ in her arms and the archangels Michael and Gabriel, is a place of pilgrimage.
Aqueduct was built under the Turks in 1745 to supply the city with water. He located near Larnaca on the way to Limassol.
salt lake located near the airport. Here in the old days mined salt. They come here for the winter flocks of pink flamingos.
Standing on the edge of the lake Mosque Hala Sultan Tekke. It was built in 1816 on the site of a meteorite fall. In it buried by Umm Haram, aunt of the prophet Muhammad.
17 km. from Larnaca is located camel park.
Pathos located on the southwest coast of the island. According to legend, he was founded by Trojan War hero Agapenor back in the 19th century. BC e. During the Roman Empire, Paphos was the capital of Cyprus.
The port fortress was founded during Alexander the Great but was repeatedly destroyed and rebuilt. Until our time, preserved fortifications built by the Turks.
A few hundred meters north of the harbor are the famous Paphos Mosaics on the ruins of the villas of Dionysus, Theseus and Aion.
Near the Villa of Dionysus situated Odeon theater. It was built by the Romans in the 2nd century. n. e. and is considered one of the most grandiose structures of antiquity. In the summer there are festivals and performances. To the south are located ruins of the temple of Asklepion. In him worshiped god of medicine Asclepius and treated the sick.
East of the Odeon excavations are underway agora - antique market square . A little east of the villa of Dionysus are ruins of the Byzantine castle Forty Columns. It was almost completely destroyed during the earthquake of 1222.
Church of Chrysopolitess was built in the 13th century on the site of an ancient basilica. According to legend, the Apostle Paul was tied to one of its columns during the execution.
Catacombs of Saint Solomon with the underground church of the same name attract tourists. Above them stands a tree on which it is customary to hang ribbons and scarves, which acquire healing properties from this.
On the western outskirts of Paphos can see grandiose royal tombs carved into coastal rocks. Here from the III century BC. e. buried the Cypriot nobility. The burials were plundered in ancient times.
In Ktim, next to the Bishop's Palace, is located Byzantine Museumwith a collection of icons from the period XII - XVIII centuries. Located nearby Eliadis Ethnographic Museum.
Branch of the Nicosia Archaeological Museum has a rich exposition of archaeological finds.
Petra Toy Romiou counts Birthplace of the goddess Aphrodite. This place is located halfway from Paphos to Limassol and attracts many tourists. It is believed that here need to swim to find youth and love.
Near the village of Kouklia are ruins of the grand temple of Aphrodite. He was the most important temple of antiquity and. Archaeological finds collected at the Lusignan castle near the ruins of the temple.
In the eastern suburbs of Paphos lies the village of Yeroskipos ("sacred garden"). In it is multi-domed church of St. Paraskeva. Her the oldest frescoes dated to the 8th century. n. e. At the Museum of Folk Art collected antiquities.
Monastery of St. Neophytos interesting for its Byzantine frescoes XII-XV in. and cells carved into the rock. In the monastery church are stored the relics of St. Neophytos himself.
Ayia Napa resort ("sacred forest") lies on the southeastern tip of Cyprus. It is located 41 km. from Larnaca. This bustling resort is especially popular with young people. Beaches here are very good, with fine sand, the water is clean. The resort is protected from the wind.
Here is located aquapark nearby is an amusement park - Dinosaur Park.
In Ayia Napa there is monastery built by the Venetians. At the People's Museuma collection of tools from the Stone and Bronze Ages. In the church of Ayia Napa is stored St. Veronica's bedspread, which she handed to Christ going to Calvary. interesting and famous Mulberry tree, which over 600 years old.
Protaras is young enough resort, it is located on a picturesque area of the southeastern coast of the island. Local sandy beaches considered one of the best in Cyprus. Protaras is a modern purpose built resort area. Its most popular place is the beautiful Fig Tree bay ("fig tree bay").
Akamas Peninsula is the northwestern tip of the island. He is considered the most reserved region of Cyprus.
Bay Lara Beach is an the last habitat of the Mediterranean green and big-headed tortoises, which are listed in the Red Book.
West of Latchi Bay located "Bath of Aphrodite". It is a small rocky depression filled with water.
Famagusta (Gazimagusa) now located in the Turkish part of Cyprus. This city in the Middle Ages was considered richest city in the world. Here was located Othello's castle, which had a real prototype.
Before the occupation of the northern part of the island, Famagusta was a magnificent resort, with orange groves and old quarters. Now this city attracts few tourists.
Its symbol is Venetian walls and Cathedral of St. Nicholas, which was turned into Mosque of Mustafa Pasha.
Old resort of Kyrenia (Girne) interesting for its castle, Byzantine chapel and shipwreck museum.
salami located 9 km. north of Famagusta and is the most important pre-Christian city of Cyprus.
Turkish part of Nicosia interesting for its majestic Gates of Girne, which are located in the building of the monastery of the XVII century, as well as Turkish Museum and majestic Selimiye Mosque.
The first civilizations existed in Cyprus as early as the Neolithic era, to 8000 BC eh. In the XII-XI centuries. BC e. Cyprus settled ancient Greek colonists. This became the determining factor for the culture of the island. Then the Greek language, religion, art and traditions appeared here. At the same time, cities were founded that still exist today.
In ancient times, Cyprus was famous for its copper ore deposits and forests. Therefore it is alternately seized Assyrians, Egyptians, Persians. But in 333 BC. e. freed him Alexander the Great.
Cyprus was birthplace of the famous disciple of Ptolemy — the philosopher Zeno of Kition. He became the founder of the philosophical school of Stoicism in Athens. Cyprus since 58 BC e. to 330 AD e. was part of the Roman Empire.
It was during this period that they made their missionary journeys. apostle paul and native of Cyprus Apostle Barnabas. This contributed to the conversion to the Christian faith of the Roman proconsul of the island. Cyprus has become the first country in the world to be ruled by Christians, and the Cypriots themselves became the first Christians in Europe.
After the collapse of the Roman Empire, Cyprus entered the era of Byzantium. Beautiful temples were erected on the island and famous monasteries.Richard the Lionheart on his way to the Holy Land in 1191 he captured Cyprus and sold it to the Knights Templar. Order of the Knights Templar, in turn, sold the island to the Frankish king of Jerusalem Guy de Lusignon.
This family founded a Catholic kingdom on the island and owned it for three hundred years. But the last queen from this dynasty, after the death of her husband, ceded the rights to the island to the Venetians. They used the island as a bulwark against the Ottomans from 1489-1571. So they defended their commercial and strategic interests. However, the Ottomans still managed to capture the island in 1571. Cyprus for more than 300 years was part of Ottoman Empire . Cyprus' links with Europe were cut off. But the Greek Orthodox Church, which had previously been suppressed, regained its independence. After the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869, the strategic importance of Cyprus increased.
In 1878, Great Britain took over the administration of the island. In 1925 Cyprus became a British Crown Colony. In 1960 Cyprus became an independent republic as a result of a four-year war of liberation. However, Great Britain, Turkey and Greece continued to interfere in the affairs of the island. In 1963-1964 and 1967, Great Britain provoked clashes between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots on the island.
In July 1974, the Greek military junta staged a coup against the legitimate government of Cyprus. This helped Turkey find an excuse to invade the island. Then the Turks were occupied northern part of the island, this occupation continues to this day.
Since 1964, the UN peacekeeping contingent has been stationed on the island to keep the peace on it. Currently, its number is 1216 military personnel. UN forces arrived on the island after intercommunal armed clashes in December 1963.
There is a 35,000-strong Turkish army on the occupied part of the island. Therefore, peacekeepers must control the buffer zone and ensure that it is not violated " fire cease».
In 1987, Cyprus and the European Union signed the Customs Union Agreement. In 1990, the Cypriot government submitted a formal application to join the European Union. Cyprus joined the EU on 1 May 2004. After that, the Republic of Cyprus began a new stage of political development. The admission of the Republic of Cyprus to the Schengen zone was scheduled for March 26, 2010. But this has not happened until now. Cyprus is a member of the UN, WTO and many other international organizations.
International trade
Foreign trade is very important for the economy of the Republic of Cyprus. It's connected almost complete absence of mineral resources and industry in the country. Therefore, Cyprus have to import a large number of goods and raw materials. And because of his geographical location this island is a transit point for goods from Europe and the Middle East.
From EU countries Cyprus imports metals and semi-finished products, machines and mechanisms for agriculture, machine tools, construction and mining machines, vehicles.
Energy needs are mainly covered at the expense of the countries of the Middle East and Russia. EU countries account for only 14.5% of all supplies petroleum products.
Cyprus exports to EU countries mainly agricultural products. The UK is the main importer of these products. The main export commodities of Cyprus are: citrus fruits, potatoes and fresh grapes. Cyprus also traditionally sells for export cheese « halloumi», fruit and vegetable juices, wine, canned fruit and other goods.
Of the commodity group, Cyprus exports refined copper in cathodes and activated bentonite.
Among the finished products supplied to the EU countries, the leading place is occupied by garments, bed and table linen. The UK is the main buyer.
The creation of new industries in Cyprus has made pharmaceutical products, perfumes and cosmetics, paper and cardboard products, and plastic packaging products important export items to the EU countries. Rolled aluminum, pumps, air conditioners, welding electrodes, oil and air filters occupy an important place in the export of industrial products.
The shops
Prices enough in Cyprus high and the choice of goods is not so great.
Shops in Cyprus from May to September are open from 8.00 to 19.00, a break from 13.00 to 16.00. From October to April they are open from 8.00 to 18.00 (break 13.00 - 14.30). The day off is Sunday. Many shops are also closed on Wednesday and Saturday afternoons. Almost all shops in tourist areas are open without interruption.
Sales in stores can officially be only twice a year - in february and in august. Bargain in Cyprus not accepted. Prices are fixed everywhere.
On the Turkish part of the island, shops are open from 8 am to 21-22 pm, they have no days off and breaks.
In Cyprus, a large number of souvenirs, you can also bring from the island edible gifts.
This island, according to legend, is the birthplace of the goddess of love, Aphrodite. Therefore, here you can find a lot of different images of her.
Antique paintings are sold here. amphorae, which are exact copies of amphoras found during excavations of ancient palaces, temples and tombs.
Cyprus is famous for its ceramics. You can buy cheap everywhere here. plates, mugs, vases, jugs, which are painted with scenes from ancient mythology.
The famous Cypriot embroidery. It is called " Lefkaritika after the name of a local village. Lace napkins, tablecloths, towels etc. cost a lot not cheap but they are unique and very beautiful.
Commandaria is a local traditional dessert wine which is made from sun-dried grapes. Its best variety is St John. Buy this wine recommended at the Kykkos monastery on Troodos. Stronger alcoholic drinks are also sold - zivania and ouzo. Great for wine halloumi goat cheese.
Cypriot sweets - suzukos, Turkish delight, halva, it is best to buy in small villages.
Of course, it is worth bringing from Cyprus and olive oil.
Popular souvenirs in Cyprus are ship models.
You can also bring as a souvenir dolls in colorful national costumes.
Demography
The age structure of the population of Cyprus: 14 years and less 20.4%, from 15 to 64 years - 68%, 65 years and over 11.6%.
Population growth rate is 0.53%.
fertility 12.56 births per 1000 people Mortality 7.68 deaths per 1000 people
Migration rate is 0.42 immigrants per 1000 people.
fertility rate- 1.82 births per woman.
Child mortality- 7.04 deaths per 1000 births.
average life expectancy is 77.82 years. The average life expectancy for men is 75.44 years, for women - 80.31. Literacy— 97,6 %
Industry
Industry of Cyprus developed rapidly during the years of independence. Here was created diversified manufacturing industry that produces quality products. These products are intended not only for the domestic market, but also for export. The manufacturing industry is dominated by small enterprises.
Currently, the government is taking steps to introduce high technologies into industry.
The main industries of Cyprus export-oriented are: knitwear, sewing, footwear and tobacco. Developed in Cyprus also manufacture of leather goods, foodstuffs, beverages, hardware, chemical products and plastic products.
Food and flavor industry produces high quality food: olive oil and other vegetable oils, meat and dairy products, various canned vegetables, juices, flour and confectionery products, soft drinks, natural grape wines, beer. Also in Cyprus produce cigarettes, detergents, textiles and knitwear, perfumes and cosmetics, dyes, medicines, glass, rubber products, cardboard and much more.
The island has extractive industries. There are enterprises chemical, cement, furniture, tobacco, textile and leather and footwear industries. In Cyprus produce some types of agricultural equipment. Working Refinery.
Flora and fauna
Animal world Cyprus is not very diverse. Of the rare species of fauna, one can distinguish endemic Cypriot mountain sheep - mouflon. He dwells in the Troodos mountains and in a wooded area of Paphos. The government of the country in recent years has banned hunting for him. Now the mouflon is listed in the Red Book. In the forest zone of the mountains inhabit foxes and hares. Also meet squirrels, weasels, wild rabbits, fur seals. On the lowlands along the coast and on the slopes of the mountains there are many different types lizards, turtles and snake. Most of them are in ruins of ancient cities — Salamis, Paphos and etc. In forest thickets near the coast inhabit chameleons. There are many amphibians on the island, especially tree frogs.
The routes of seasonal bird migration run through Cyprus, so here you can see partridge, quail, snipe, woodcock, plover. Of the rare species are found:"Eleanor's falcon",predatory vulture, imperial eagle and griffon vulture.
On the salt lake, located near Larnaca, you can see pink flamingos. They come here every year from the Caspian Sea.
On the territory of the island by the end of the Middle Ages virtually no forests. But Cyprus has managed to become one of the most forested islands again. mediterranean sea. British authorities specially planted trees here to prevent soil erosion.
Cyprus is dominated pine, cypress and cedar forests, especially rich in them Troodos area. Forests now account for about 1/7 of the island.
Flora Cyprus is rich and diverse, which is due to the diversity natural conditions and climatic features on it. This island is located at the intersection of three vegetation zones: Europe, Asia and Africa. Grows here about 1800 plant species. The study of its flora is still ongoing.
Banks and money
British colonial authorities built in Cyprus railroad which was opened in 1905. There were 39 stations and stops in total, including Famagustua and Nicosi I am. But in 1951-1952, it was abolished due to low payback.
Roads in Cyprus are one of the best in the EU. They are divided into main, auxiliary paved, country and motorways. Movement in the country left-handed. But the rule applies interference on the right” as in right-hand traffic.
Main 4 dorogi islands pass through south coast from Larnaca to Limassol. They lead to the capital. Tourists can rent a car. For this, a standard driver's license is sufficient. Some companies may put forward an age limit.
Cars rented by tourists red numbers that start with a letter Z.
All drivers obliged give way to pedestrians at a pedestrian crossing.
Not uncommon in large cities traffic jams hard to find free parking spaces.
Traffic Laws match t with European on both parts of the island.
Allowed the presence in the blood of the driver of alcohol in concentration up to 900 mg/l. If the accident is committed by a driver in a state of intoxication, then insurance canceled.
The country has two international airports :in Paphos and in Larnaca. There is also an airport in Nicosia, but it is closed due to the Greek-Turkish conflict.
Larnaca airport was opened in 1975, after the forced closure of the airport in Nicosia. It is partially located on the territory that was previously a British military base.
After the closure of Famagusta by major seaports are Limassol and Larnaca.
The only kind public transport in Cyprus are buses.
bus service developed weakO. Between the cities of Nicosia, Larnaca and Limassol, only 5-6 buses run daily in each direction. Somewhat less in Paphos. Public transport does not operate on Sunday. The fare is relatively high.
In Northern Cyprus passenger traffic much better developed, all big cities connected by 15-20 daily buses. Fares are much lower.
city buses and minibuses ply in all major cities of both parts of the island. But on the Greek part, buses usually operate until 17:00 on weekdays, and on Saturday until lunchtime.
On the Turkish part of the island the movement of city buses and minibuses on any day of the week ends at approximately 19.30-20.00.
In the Greek part of the island route taxis daily run between cities from 5.45 to 18.30 (until 19.30 in summer). Sundays and holidays they run from 7.00 to 17.30 (until 18.30 - in summer). They are a fairly cheap and convenient method of transportation. Shuttle taxis depart from anywhere in the city by prior arrangement.
Shuttle taxis don't go to and from airports. You can get to the airport by regular taxi.
regular taxi can stop on the street or call by phone. If a taxi is required for sightseeing, then the amount of payment must be negotiated with the driver in advance.
Taxis are available in all major cities in Northern Cyprus: Nicosia, Famagusta, Kyrenia. The cost of the trip usually depends on the agreement with the driver.
On both sides of the island, cases are not uncommon calculation and cheating tourists. The taxi should insist to turn on the counter.
Domestic flightsmissing on both sides of the island. But well developed the field of pleasure flights on small aircraft. The bases for them are the airports of Paphos and Larnaca.
Minerals
Cyprus does not have rich mineral resources. Therefore, their island imports.
The country's main sources of energy are petroleum products. The local refinery almost completely satisfies the needs of the local market for petroleum products.
For a long time, Cyprus has been copper mining. Even the name of the island comes from this word.
Cyprus is also developing deposits of pyrite, umber, asbestos and chrome. But the importance of the mining industry at the end of the last century has been significantly reduced here.
Construction raw materials are being mined- sand, clay, gypsum, shell rock, marble, bentonite, gravel, etc., as well as natural dyes - ocher and umber.
Agriculture
The Republic of Cyprus in the past was a backward agrarian country. In the past, agriculture was the backbone of the economy. Agriculture is currently is not a leading sector of the economy.
The most fertile lands are concentrated in the north of the island, in what is now the Republic of Northern Cyprus. A little less than half of the land is cultivated, of which ¼ is irrigated.
grown in Cyprus oats, wheat, barley, beans, potatoes, melons, tobacco, grapes, pomegranate, olives, almonds, walnuts, citrus fruits. On the territory of the Republic of Cyprus developed viticulture. Cypriot wines are famous all over the world.
Northern part islands occupied by the Turks Therefore, relations between the two communities are quite tense. When communicating with Greek Cypriots it does not follow mention the Turkish occupation. The most painful topic is ghost town» Varosha. On the maps of the Republic of Cyprus, the Turkish sector is indicated as " territory inaccessible due to Turkish occupation". The names of his cities are given as of 1974, there are no road signs for them.
Photograph and film in state museums possible only if available special permission.It is forbidden photograph the border zone between the two parts of the island. Photo and video shooting usually prohibited in churches.
When visiting monasteries and churches, women must be in skirts with covered shoulders, and men in trousers, not shorts.
The main measure of weight in Cyprus is
Health care system includes both state and private sector and medical insurance.
Most of the inhabitants of the island work in the tourism sector. Tourism here is the main resource for replenishing the country's budget with foreign currency.
The island and its people make it easy for tourists to explore Cyprus according to their needs. If you want to have an active holiday, there are cycling routes at your disposal. To get acquainted with the unique flora and fauna of the island, 52 nature trails have been laid.
There is always something interesting happening here, but you need to know the mentality of the Cypriots, their rituals, habits, norms of behavior in order to be aware of what. In any season, tourists can get to a holiday or a sporting event. Connoisseurs or just lovers of the "nectar of the gods" will be happy with wine routes that will introduce you to. You can learn how grapes are grown, how wine is made, and, finally, taste the drink, by choosing one of the excursions to the famous wineries of the island.
A huge number of sacred places, among which, will make it possible, having become acquainted with them, to learn about the path of the Cypriots to Christianity, about the roots of the blessed land, about the shrines that have found shelter in Cyprus. The variety of museums will just keep you on the island for a few days.
Whatever part of the country you come to, you will always find a beach nearby. 57 beaches of the island (among them and) are marked blue flag European Union for the level of infrastructure facilities on them and environmental cleanliness. Beaches on, on are popular among vacationers.
Resorts of the island: Larnaca, Paphos, Famagusta, Kyrenia - are popular among tourists.
Nicosia surprises not only with historical and architectural buildings, but also with an interesting combination of antiquity and modernity. The Limassol region is full of legends about kingdoms and kings. Everything about winemaking can be found here. The Troodos mountain range will impress outdoor enthusiasts. The Ammochostos region will captivate with its sparkling waters and golden sand. The oldest city of Larnaca (it is about 4 thousand years old) offers tourists everything they need to relax and get acquainted with the history of the island.
The fact that the Kato Paphos area is all listed world heritage UNESCO, already colorfully speaks of the abundance of cultural wealth in it. There are many entertainments on the island for children: in Ayia Napa, in Limassol. You can be sure that it is possible, and it will be memorable.
In 2015, about 2.65 million people visited the island. The largest number of people come from the UK and Russia (38% and 23% respectively). Guests from Germany are coming to them. In January - October 2016, up to 2,974,412 people visited the island (87% of tourists came to relax, 7% - to visit relatives, 5% - to work).
Cyprus today is one of the most beautiful and most popular destinations in the Mediterranean. The mild climate and charming nature make the rest here a special attraction. The main beauties of the island of Cyprus are the sea, blue skies, golden beaches and centuries-old sights. What else could be needed for a perfect pastime?!
general information
Belonging to the continent of Asia, Cyprus is the 3rd largest island in the Mediterranean Sea. It does not have a very calm atmosphere. This is due to the fact that Cyprus, since 1974, due to the Turkish invasion, has been divided into 2 parts - the Republic of Cyprus and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. Each part of the island is separated by a buffer zone under the control of the UN. The capital of both Republics is located in the city of Nicosia.
Cyprus: population
The total population of Cyprus is just over one million people, of which 80% live in the Republic of Cyprus and 20% in Northern Cyprus.
The population is mixed. This is due to the division of the island and the attractiveness of moving here. The population of Cyprus (nationalities): over 90% of the locals are Greek Cypriots, the rest of the population are British, Russians and Armenians. In the northern part of the island of Cyprus, the population was divided into Turkish Cypriots, Turks and some others. The official languages on the island are Greek and Turkish. In the Republic of Cyprus, the population speaks excellent English.
How to get there
Most tourists and visitors arrive on the island by plane. Cyprus has two international airports located in the cities of Larnaca and Paphos.
The airport in the Turkish part of Cyprus is called Erjan. It is not internationally recognized. Despite this, it receives some flights from abroad.
You can also sail to Cyprus by ferry. In particular, the island has ferry connections with the Greek islands of Crete and Rhodes, with the Egyptian Port Said, Israeli Haifa and Ankokna in Italy. The main port of the Republic of Cyprus is located in the city of Limassol, from where ferries, merchant ships and cruise ships depart.
Climatic and weather conditions
The climate here is subtropical with rather hot and dry summers and warm and mild winters. Even in winter, snow can only be found in the mountains.
It is best to come to Cyprus in the high season - in summer or in September, when the strong summer heat has passed, but the sea is still warm. The most pleasant summer weather is in the coastal areas of the island.
Cities
Ayia Napa is a young and cheerful resort with a vibrant nightlife. A wonderful rest here is provided by the best sandy gentle sea and a local water park.
Larnaca is the 3rd largest city on the island. This is a fairly well-known and popular Mediterranean resort.
Limassol is the business capital of Cyprus with the main commercial port and many offices of major global companies.
Paphos is one of the most ancient cities in Cyprus. It has many attractions.
Protaras is a young and developing resort located in the southeastern part of the island. The city is calm and sparsely populated.
Nicosia is the capital located in the center of the island.
Kyrenia is an old city in the north of the island, part of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. The city is popular with tourists for its numerous beaches and interesting sights.
Facilitates the life of tourists the absence of the island of Cyprus. The language of the inhabitants of the island is Greek and Turkish, but many speak English fluently.
sights
At one time, Cyprus was the center of many historical achievements, and the territory of the island was developed by more than one civilization, which gave rise to thousands of archaeological traces on the map of the island. We are talking about a great variety of architectural buildings of various times and other historical artifacts located in Cypriot museums or churches.
Throughout the island, a considerable number of historical monuments have been preserved, attracting the attention of many tourists.
In Cyprus, you can find the remains of settlements from the time of the Stone Age - these are ancient Roman theaters, and Byzantine temples, and monasteries, and castles of the Crusaders, and much, much more. All this wealth determines the unique atmosphere of the island, where beauty and peace are combined, ancient culture and modernity.
Movement around the country
Cyprus is a rather small island, so some modes of transport are not present here. So, the railway communication was stopped in the last century.
Bus service is not well developed here.
It is replaced by a fairly developed taxi system. In Cyprus, there are 3 types of taxis: intercity, intracity and rural.
A car can be rented by persons with an international driving license, aged 25 to 70 years, with a driving experience of 3 years. In some private firms, you can find less serious lease conditions.
Kitchen
The local cuisine is a perfect example of the culinary traditions of the Mediterranean. From Greek and Turkish cuisines, the custom of cooking food on the grill or in the form of thick soups and stews came here. But, unlike Turkish cuisine, local food is less spicy. Cyprus was also influenced by Italian cuisine, from which came such ingredients for cooking as mint, cinnamon, basil, coriander, arugula. Also in Cyprus they use curry and ginger. In general, one can distinguish the dominant oriental influence, this is the presence of sweet dishes with many spices and oils in them.
Fresh fruits and vegetables are often eaten here. Meat dishes in Cyprus are very popular with locals.
The most common dish here is meze, which can be found in every restaurant on the island. Meze is an assortment of various cold and hot appetizers. There is no better way to get acquainted with Cypriot cuisine than meze. Rice, pasta and legumes are commonly eaten as a side dish in Cyprus.
Dessert here is usually baklava or Turkish delight. The most popular drink in Cyprus is wine. For those who like stronger drinks, there is Zivania, a rustic grape vodka. Cypriots are also very fond of coffee.
Prices in Cyprus in restaurants are slightly lower than European ones. The cost of breakfast per person is from 5 euros, lunch or dinner from 10 euros.
Purchases
The main purchases and souvenirs from Cyprus are usually items and products that are traditionally part of the unique culture of this island. These include jewelry, local wines, olive oils and handicrafts. It is also worth buying local leather goods - bags, purses, wallets, shoes and outerwear. Prices in Cyprus for high quality leather items can be called democratic. For example, the cost of a leather belt is from 10 euros, bags from 35 euros.
Well, the absence of Cyprus on the island (we have already mentioned the language of the inhabitants) will help to make an excellent purchase.
Holidays
In small villages, many ancient customs and rituals have been preserved, especially observed on Christmas days, on New Year, Easter. For the Greek Orthodox Church, Easter is the most important holiday of the year.
Also, the inhabitants of Cyprus celebrate many national holidays, local or seasonal. The Wine Festival in Limassol, held annually in September, is very popular here. It goes on for several days and includes tasting local wines, concert and theater performances, singing and dancing competitions.
Local customs and customs
The population of the island for many centuries includes Cypriots from Greece and Turkey. The cultures of these peoples differ and still retain their own characteristics in the way of life and religious views. Cypriots of Greek origin are the heirs of Greek culture, but due to their long stay under English patronage, they adopted some of the features of life characteristic of Europeans. On the island, English is practically the second language for the country and the first in professional and business relations. Cypriots of Greek origin profess Orthodoxy (in the north, in the Turkish part of the island, Islam dominates).
There are no strong restrictions for tourists in the country. When visiting active places of worship, churches and monasteries, you should pay attention to the dress code. Women in such places are advised to wear long skirts, clothes that cover their shoulders, and men to wear trousers.
Summer locals go to "siesta" - afternoon rest from 13:00 to 16:00. On Wednesdays and Saturdays, all shops are open only until lunch.
Conclusion
This island is truly one of best places for himself unforgettable vacation. Sun, Cyprus, sea, golden beaches - these words will forever be associated with memories of paradise vacation on this wonderful island.
The island of Cyprus is the third largest in the Mediterranean. It is located 75 kilometers from Turkey, 100 kilometers from Syria and 380 kilometers from Egypt.
The territory of the Republic of Cyprus occupies 60% of the island's area, 38% falls on the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, and 2% of the territory is controlled by the UK. Here are the British military bases "Dekelia" and Akrotiri.
The main population of the island are Greeks and Turks. The British, Russians and Armenians also live here. Turkish Cypriots live in the north of Cyprus, while ethnic Greeks live in the south.
There are two main religions here: Orthodox Christianity and Islam. The church plays an important role in the state and influences many aspects of the life of citizens. There are more than 500 temples and 10 monasteries in this small area. In addition to Orthodox churches, there are also Catholic, Armenian and Maronite churches. Many also practice Judaism and other religions. The Republic of Cyprus has numerous regulations that guarantee protection to all religious groups.
Among major cities islands allocate Larnaca, Limassol, Paphos, Ayia Napa, and the capital of the Republic of Cyprus is the city of Nicosia.
Capital |
Nicosia |
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Population |
1,060,000 people |
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Population density |
115 people/km² |
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Greek, Turkish |
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Religion |
Christianity (Orthodoxy), Islam |
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Form of government |
republic |
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euro, Turkish lira |
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Timezone |
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international telephone code |
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Internet domain zone |
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Electricity |
Climate and weather
The climate in Cyprus is subtropical, dry. Summers are hot here, and winters are mild and warm. The average January temperature is +12 ºС (up to +4 ºС in the mountains), and in summer the air warms up to +35 ºС. Due to the low rainfall and low levels of humidity, the heat is tolerated quite easily. Precipitation falls only in winter (about 70-80 mm monthly).
The swimming season here opens in April, when the temperature reaches +20 ºС. In August, the water has the highest temperature of the year - up to +28 ºС. best time to travel here is the period from April to May and from the beginning of September to the end of October. Lovers ski holidays can come here from November to February. Snow depth in the mountains Troodos sometimes reaches up to 1.5 meters.
Nature
Mountains occupy most of the island. In the east the width mountain range Kyrenia reaches 25-30 km, in the west - 15 km. The most high point in the West ( Akromanda) is located at an altitude of 1023 meters. And the highest point of the whole island is the mountain Olympus. Its height is 1952 meters, and it is located in the north of Cyprus.
Animal and vegetable world Cyprus is quite rich and diverse. One of the rarest animals lives here - the mouflon, the Cypriot mountain sheep. Now he is under special protection of the state, and hunting for him, of course, is prohibited. In Cyprus, you can find many species of snakes, lizards and turtles, especially in places where the ancient cities of the island were located. Being in a forested area near the water, it is quite possible to see a chameleon, tree frogs and other amphibians. The number of bird species in Cyprus is amazing, there are about 400 species here! You can see pelicans, swans, flamingos, as well as many other rare and exotic birds.
sights
One of the main man-made attractions of Cyprus is Kykkos Monastery, which is located in the Troodos mountains, and is located at an altitude of 1250 m. This is the largest monastery in terms of area in all of Cyprus. It was founded in 1100 by the Byzantine emperor Alexios Komnenos in honor of the Virgin Mary. The world's oldest icons are kept here, including the icon of St. Luke. There is a museum at the monastery, where the oldest manuscripts and other antiques of cultural value for Cyprus are collected. It is not surprising that this place is the most popular for pilgrims in Cyprus and neighboring countries.
In addition to the Kykkos Monastery, nine other churches can be visited in these mountains. All icons, frescoes and drawings contained in them are recognized cultural heritage UNESCO.
Sanctuary of Aphrodite, the goddess of beauty and love, was found near the city Limassol, now in the ruins of the once-existing city of Amathus. And the bath of the goddess is in the city Pathos. According to legend, this is where Aphrodite emerged from the sea foam.
Not far from the capital of the island, Nicosia, tourists always visit the village Ashina, where the church, built in the XII century, is located, as well as royal tombs and the ancient kingdom of Idalion.
Also of great interest to tourists and foreigners are cities Famagusta and Kyrenia. Famagusta is known for the fact that the commander from Venice, Christopher Moreau, lived there. He was considered the prototype of Othello. And in Kyrenia you can see the ruins of the Gothic abbey of Bellapais.
Monastery of Saint Nicholas(or Monastery dedicated to cats), ruins ancient city Salamis, tomb Hala Sultan, tomb of Lazarus and many other attractions are able to tell foreigners about the great culture and history of this paradise on the ground.
Nutrition
The culinary traditions of Greece and Turkey had a great influence on Cypriot cuisine. But, of course, there are national dishes here, for example, " meze" or " mezedes". It is a set of 20-30 hot and cold dishes (vegetable, meat or fish) with various sauces. Cold appetizers, such as olives or salad, are served first, followed by hot dishes. They are followed by more serious treats: pork in red wine; lamb baked with potatoes; beef with herbs and vegetables and many other hearty dishes to choose from. The dessert menu includes only fresh fruit.
Cyprus is famous for its walnut dishes, as well as various types of cheeses, such as feta.
Among the sweets, there are Turkish delight, halva, baklava and "rizogalo" (rice porridge with cinnamon and sweets).
One of the most popular drinks in Cyprus is wine, especially red wine. The Zivania grape moonshine is also made here. Its strength reaches 80º, but such a drink cannot be exported from the country - the permissible norm of the strength of exported alcoholic beverages should not exceed 50º. Cypriots willingly drink Brandy Sur cocktails (with lemon juice, soda and bitters) and Carlsberg and Keo beer brands.
Here you can enjoy delicious coffee, which is brewed and served in almost the same way as Turkish coffee.
Residence
In Cyprus, there are many hotels and hotels with a different number of "stars". All of them are equipped with the latest technology. Even in two-star hotels, tourists feel comfortable. The difference lies in the food (some hotels have switched to the all-inclusive system, and some provide only breakfast) and the distance from the sea. In each hotel, there are Russian-speaking employees among the staff, so it will not be difficult to explain yourself. The hotels have everything you need for a good holiday.
The most popular are hotels with the status of three stars. They are located near the sea, and the prices pleasantly delight visitors. Among these hotels are Pierre-Anne, Golden Arches, Atlantica Sungarden Beach and paschalia.
A good option for recreation would be if you decide to rent an apartment. But keep in mind that this pleasure is not cheap. You will have to pay from 70 to 200 € per day. The price, of course, depends on the distance to the beach and the condition of the apartment.
Entertainment and recreation
To learn more about the history of Cyprus, you can visit Archaeological Museum of Antiquities which the Cypriots are so proud of.
In the village of Ahera, visitors are very attracted " ostrich park". The park is located right on the farm where these birds are bred. Every day there are many tourists who want to look at different types of ostriches.
The island also has a dolphinarium, an aquarium, two large water parks, as well as "singing fountains".
Nightlife lovers will be pleased. There are many clubs, bars and restaurants here. The resort town is considered to be the center of club life Ayia Napa. It is always fun and noisy here, as this area is designed mainly for young people.
Very popular in winter ski resort in the mountains Troodos. In addition to winter sports, safari tours are arranged here. Their essence is that tourists travel by jeeps to the most inaccessible and wild places on the island. Very common sea cruises from Cyprus to Egypt, Syria, Lebanon and Israel. They usually last 3-4 days, and the cost of such trips reaches $300-350.
There are many diving centers on the coast where you can dive to great depths. In addition, there are other "sea" entertainment. Here you can go windsurfing, paragliding, canoeing, water skiing and various boats.
Cyprus is a place where riding clubs meet on every corner. Both professionals and beginners can get here. For the latter, instructors conduct special lessons, and then go on horseback rides together.
V resort town Pathos there are as many as three golf courses - the most popular game in Cyprus. The same resort has the best SPA centers where you can improve your health and just enjoy relaxing treatments. Here they carry out therapeutic seaweed wrapping, aromatherapy, massages, restoration of the nervous system and many other programs for all categories of visitors.
Cypriots are very fond of holidays, and most of them fall in the spring and summer. For example, the national holiday of Cyprus is celebrated in April, the “Water Festival” is celebrated in May-June. Many festivals are held here, including the Festival folk dances and ancient Greek drama. They collect a huge number of visitors in every city of the island.
Purchases
Cyprus is not a place where you can spend hours shopping in world-famous boutiques and large shopping centers. Of course, there are those here, but the prices for goods are very high, especially at the height of the tourist season. In stores, of course, sales and discounts of up to 80% are held, when a branded item can be purchased for 1-30 €, but this happens at a time when the influx of tourists stops.
Among the most popular purchases are alcoholic beverages, primarily dessert wine. Commandaria”, as well as liqueurs of various brands. In addition, foreigners are buying up sweets and many varieties of cheese. Jewelry, paintings, leather goods, as well as interior items are in great demand.
Tourists should be aware of the non-standard opening hours of shops in Cyprus. On Wednesdays and Saturdays, shops are open until 14:00, and on Sunday they do not work at all. On other days from May to September, they are open from 8:00 to 13:00 and from 16:00 to 19:00. From October to April - from 8:00 to 18:00 with a lunch break from 13:00 to 14:00. But during the tourist season, many shops and supermarkets are open every day and without a break.
Transport
Public transport in Cyprus is presented buses and by route taxis. There are also intercity buses, but they go literally once a day. Public transport starts at 6:00 and ends at 18-19:00. The traffic interval is 20-30 minutes.
Minibuses are considered the most comfortable view transport, as they can be ordered by phone or stopped anywhere in the city. They travel not only around the city, you can go on a tour of several cities. The fare from one city to another will be about 4 €. This is twice as expensive as a bus ride, but cheaper than a taxi. The only drawback of minibuses is that they do not go to the airport. For these services there are special buses.
Taxis in Cyprus are expensive: you will have to pay a little more than 3 € for landing only. For each kilometer, 0.6 € is added, for luggage weighing more than 12 kg - 1 €, and for an hour of waiting - almost 14 €. There is a night rate that starts at 20:30. At this time, the fare increases by 15%, and on weekends and holidays prices increase even more.
You can use the service car rental. To do this, the driver must be over 25 and under 70 years old. Driving experience - at least three years. The cost of rent will cost an average of 50 € per day.
Connection
The Internet is now available to most of the inhabitants of the island. The main provider of Internet services is the national company CYTA. Along with it, there are several other commercial companies, for example, Primetel, which is also very popular in the country. Supported by an operator Reliance Globalcom she plans to launch her own system, through which Cyprus will be connected to the countries of Europe and many others.
As for telephone communication, it is very expensive here, so it is better not to call from hotels, but to use special pay phones. You can buy cards and coins in banks, call centers and at the post office to make calls from such machines.
Safety
The island of Cyprus is one of the most peaceful and safe places all over the world, even despite the resorts, where night life. All conditions are created here for safe rest tourists and the locals are friendly and hospitable.
But this does not mean that precautions can be forgotten. As elsewhere, it is better not to take large sums of money with you and not to wear a large amount of expensive jewelry.
At any moment, if necessary, you can contact the police or get any other help by calling 112 and 199. These are universal numbers, but there are also local services in different cities, so you should immediately find out the phone numbers that may be necessary .
Business climate
Cyprus is one of the most successful places to start your own business. This is a state with a high standard of living. Favorable conditions for the employment of citizens have been created here.
To begin with, a foreigner should clearly plan the infrastructure and think through everything to the smallest detail. This is already half the battle. The initial capital required to start a business is minimal. For example, to open your own cafe, you need an amount of about 2500 €. As for taxes, here everything is also simplified to the maximum. The income tax is 10%, which is considered the lowest in Europe, and there is no tax on business acquisitions at all.
In addition to a business plan for the development of your business, you must also have an alternative plan in case of unforeseen situations.
Starting to open and register your company, you will need a bank account for a certain amount. Also, a necessary condition will be an appeal to specialists: lawyers and accountants. This is necessary in order to ensure the legality of business and give guarantees to both the state and the entrepreneur.
The property
Cyprus is an extremely attractive place to buy real estate, because every year house prices increase by more than 15%. Mostly foreigners buy housing in order to come and stay here for a vacation. The rest of the time they rent it out, getting additional profit.
After buying an apartment, house or villa, the buyer and his family members are entitled to a residence permit. But before you buy a home, you need to get special permission from the authorities.
It should be understood that the process of buying and registering a home will take a long time. But at the same time, this branch of business life is so developed in Cyprus that most of the entire procedure can be carried out via the Internet. Agents and realtors will provide all the necessary information. Payment can also be made online (by the way, it is accepted only in foreign currency). An apartment located a few steps from the sea will cost 3-4 thousand € per 1 m². Thus, a two-bedroom apartment will cost about 200,000 €. Depending on the condition of apartments, apartments or villas and the distance to the sea, prices can reach several million euros.
- While on the island, do not be surprised if the locals will give you something to give or treat you with something. They are very hospitable and generous, love to communicate with foreigners.
- Here you can drink tap water without fear for your health, not only in hotels, but also in all public places.
- In hotels, most sockets are three-phase, so in order to use "our" electrical appliances, you can ask for an adapter at the reception.
- When sightseeing, consider your wardrobe. That is, if you decide to visit temples and churches, make sure that your clothes cover your knees. Women are not allowed to enter the temple in shorts, short skirts, and bare head.
On the territory of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, the Turkish lira is used, not the euro. But in the Republic of Cyprus, you can pay in euros, pounds sterling or US dollars. There are many banks and exchange offices here. You should be careful when you decide to withdraw money from an ATM, as the commission reaches 3%. If you pay with a card in a supermarket, check if there is a tax for this operation in this store. Sometimes it is up to 7% of the purchase.
Visa Information
When entering the country, a visa of the Republic of Cyprus is required. If it is available, the movement between the two parts of the island is free. The visa of the unrecognized Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus is issued upon entry. Insurance may not cover Turkish territory. If you have only a visa for the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, then you will not be able to enter the territory of the Republic of Cyprus.
Embassy of Cyprus in Russian Federation located at: 121069, Moscow, st. Povarskaya, 9.
The Russian embassy is located in Nicosia at the address: Gonia Agiou Prokopiou & Arch. Makariou 111, Egkomi, P.O.Box 21845, 1514 Lefkosia.
- Cyprus is a state located on the third largest island in the Mediterranean after Sicily and Sardinia.
- Cyprus is the most east island in the Mediterranean. The area of the island is 9251 sq. km. The length of Cyprus from east to west is 224 km, and from north to south - 96 km. The length of the coastline is 780 km. To Israel from Cyprus - 95 km, to Turkey - 65 km, to Egypt - 380 km. The distance from Moscow to Larnaca is 2500 km.
- Citizens of Russia can enter the territory of Cyprus without a visa.
- The history of Cyprus is 9000 years old. V different times the island was owned by the Romans, Byzantines, French, Venetians, British. In 1878, the Turks gave Cyprus to Great Britain in exchange for the promised help in case of war with Russia. In 1960, Cyprus gained independence.
- In 1974, Turkey occupied 37% of the island's territory. The so-called "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" is recognized only by Turkey.
- The capital of Cyprus is Nicosia. After the fall of the Berlin Wall, Nicosia was the only divided capital in the world.
- Cyprus is also called the island of Aphrodite. It is believed that the goddess of love, born from sea foam, first set foot on the land inhabited by people, it was in Cyprus.
- The state structure is a republic. The head of state is President Tassos Papadopoulos (since March 1, 2003).
- There are two international airports in Cyprus: in Larnaca and Paphos. The airport in Nicosia is used only by UN peacekeepers.
- The per capita income is about $15,000 per year. The standard of living in Cyprus is one of the highest in this region of the world.
- The population is about 760 thousand people. The population of the main cities: Nicosia - 215 thousand people, Limassol - 160 thousand, Larnaca - 70 thousand, Paphos - 40 thousand.
- 85% of the population are Orthodox Christians. The most important holiday in Cyprus is Easter.
- The official language is Greek. Almost all Cypriots speak English.
- The small country has the third largest commercial fleet in the world.
- Good weather all year round, beautiful roads and magnificent landscapes have made Cyprus a paradise for cyclists. You can rent a bike for £2 a day.
- Cyprus, together with the USA and Germany, is the main investor in the Russian economy.
- The unique location of Cyprus between three continents - Europe, Asia and Africa - determined its climate. Summers are dry and hot, and winters are warm. Cyprus has 300 to 330 sunny days a year. In winter the average temperature is +15°С, in summer +30°С. The Cypriot climate is considered one of the healthiest in the world.
- The currency is the Cypriot pound, which is divided into 100 cents. One Cypriot pound is equal to approximately 1.85 US dollars. In circulation there are banknotes of 1,5,10 and 20 pounds, and coins of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 cents. There are no restrictions on the import or export of foreign currency. It is better to exchange money in banks or the airport. Banks are open from 8.30 to 12.30 (Saturday and Sunday - days off). Reverse exchange is difficult. It is imperative to keep the bank receipt for the exchange, since without a receipt you can exchange only 100 pounds for dollars. If you have more than 1000 US dollars, they must be declared upon arrival at the airport.
- Time is 1 hour behind Moscow time.
- The most popular newspaper in Russian is the weekly Vestnik Kipra. The Russian Avtoradio broadcasts in Limassol at a frequency of 102.2 FM.
- Cyprus has left-hand traffic. The roads on the island are in good condition. The maximum allowable speed on the highway is 100 km/h, the minimum is 65 km/h. If you do not drive a car, you can use the services of inexpensive fixed-route taxis. They circulate every half an hour on routes connecting all major cities in Cyprus. "Service Taxi" can be called by phone and it will pick you up from where you are. The bus ride is even cheaper.
- There are several British military bases in Cyprus: Akrotiri (west of Limassol), Dhekelia (east of Larnaca) and a radio intercept station on top of Mount Olympus in Troodos. British laws and British courts apply on their territory. The order here is monitored not by the Cypriot, but by the British police.
- From the west to the east of Cyprus stretched two mountain ranges: Troodos and Pentadactylos ("five fingers"). Between them lies the fertile valley of Mesaoria. In Troodos, there is the highest point in Cyprus - Mount Olympus (1951 m), which the Cypriots themselves call more modestly - Khionistra ("snowy"). In winter, the snowy peaks of Troodos attract skiers from all over the world to the island.
- In Cyprus, purely male coffee houses are still preserved, where women are not recommended to enter.
- The working week in Cyprus is 40 hours, while in the summer the lunch break due to the heat of the day lasts three hours, from 13.00 to 16.00. In addition, on Wednesdays and Saturdays, everyone works only until 13.00, and the second half of the day is devoted to rest.
- The beaches in Cyprus are free. But for a sunbed you will be asked for one pound, and for an umbrella - another pound.
- It was in Cyprus, in the city of Famagusta, that the main events of Shakespeare's great play Othello unfolded.
- A foreigner has the right to buy in Cyprus one apartment or house on land plot no more than 2675 sq. m.
- Cypriot wines are considered the oldest in the world. The best Cypriot wine is Commandaria. A bottle costs about 4 pounds. The best is Commandaria St. John with a black label.
- The international dialing code for Cyprus is 357. You can get a Cypriot mobile phone number for 29 pounds. A minute of conversation with Moscow will cost you about 7 cents.
- The electrical voltage in the network is 240 volts. Three-prong sockets are used. An adapter can be bought for about a pound and a half.
- It is forbidden to lift archaeological treasures from the bottom of the sea or to take them out of Cyprus without special permission from the authorities.
